{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T19:10:54Z","timestamp":1767899454453,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,11]],"date-time":"2012-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355184000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The study was undertaken to explore the amelioration of chronic fluoride (F) toxicity (with low and normal Ca) in rats. The study was conducted in two phases. In phase I (6 months), seventy-six Wistar, weanling male rats were assigned to four treatment groups: normal-Ca (0\u00b75\u00a0%) diet (NCD), Ca+F\u00a0\u2212\u00a0; low-Ca (0\u00b725\u00a0%) diet (LCD), Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F\u00a0\u2212\u00a0; NCD +100 parts per million (ppm) F water, Ca+F+; LCD +100\u00a0ppm F water, Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F+. In phase II (reversal experiment, 3 months), LCD was replaced with the NCD. Treatment groups Ca+F+ and Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F+ were divided into two subgroups to compare the effect of continuation<jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. discontinuation along with Ca supplementation on reversal of chronic F toxicity. In phase I, significantly reduced food efficiency ratio (FER), body weight gain (BWG), faecal F excretion, serum Ca and increased bone F deposition were observed in the treatment group Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F+. Reduced serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, increased 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>and up-regulation of Ca-sensing receptor, vitamin D receptor and S100 Ca-binding protein G (S100G) were observed in treatment groups Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F\u00a0\u2212\u00a0 and Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F+. In phase II (reversal phase), FER, BWG and serum Ca in treatment groups Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F+\/Ca+F\u00a0\u2212\u00a0 and Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F+\/Ca+F+ were still lower, as compared with other groups. However, other variables were comparable. Down-regulation of S100G was observed in F-fed groups (Ca+F+\/Ca+F+ and Ca\u00a0\u2212\u00a0F+\/Ca+F+) in phase II. It is concluded that low Ca aggravates F toxicity, which can be ameliorated after providing adequate Ca and F-free water. However, chronic F toxicity can interfere with Ca absorption by down-regulating S100G expression irrespective of Ca nutrition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114512004758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,11]],"date-time":"2012-12-11T09:46:43Z","timestamp":1355219203000},"page":"95-104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Amelioration of chronic fluoride toxicity by calcium and fluoride-free water in rats"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Shankar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudip","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Bhaskarachary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Venkaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arjun L.","family":"Khandare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114512004758_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006231-199305000-00007"},{"key":"S0007114512004758_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Planning Commission, India (2007) Eleventh five-year plan approach paper. 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