{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:22:22Z","timestamp":1792725742821,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]],"date-time":"2014-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403740800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present study, structural changes in the milk protein \u03b1-lactalbumin (\u03b1-LA) and its proteolysis were investigated for the potential formation of protein\u2013fatty acid complexes during <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> gastric digestion. Capsule endoscopy allowed visualisation of the digestion of the test drinks, with nasogastric tubes allowing sampling of the gastric contents. A total of ten healthy volunteers had nasogastric tubes inserted into the stomach and ingested test drinks containing 50\u00a0g\/l of sucrose and 25\u00a0g\/l of \u03b1-LA with and without 4\u00a0g\/l of oleic acid (OA). The samples of gastric contents were collected for analysis at 3\u00a0min intervals. The results revealed a rapid decrease in the pH of the stomach of the subjects. The fasting pH of 2\u00b731 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 1\u00b719) increased to a pH maxima of pH 6\u00b754 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 0\u00b729) after ingestion, with a subsequent decrease to pH 2\u00b722 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 1\u00b791) after 21\u00a0min (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> 8). Fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy revealed partial protein unfolding, coinciding with the decrease in pH below the isoelectric point of \u03b1-LA. The activity of pepsin in the fasting state was found to be 39 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 12) units\/ml of gastric juice. Rapid digestion of the protein occurred: after 15\u00a0min, no native protein was detected using SDS\u2013PAGE; HPLC revealed the presence of small amounts of native protein after 24\u00a0min of gastric digestion. Mirocam<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> capsule endoscopy imaging and video clips (see the online supplementary material) revealed that gastric peristalsis resulted in a heterogeneous mixture during gastric digestion. Unfolding of \u03b1-LA was observed during gastric transit; however, there was no evidence of a cytotoxic complex being formed between \u03b1-LA and OA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114514001196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]],"date-time":"2014-06-26T09:00:23Z","timestamp":1403773223000},"page":"638-646","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Gastric digestion of \u03b1-lactalbumin in adult human subjects using capsule endoscopy and nasogastric tube sampling"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Louise M.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Kehoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillian","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J. 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