{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T14:05:51Z","timestamp":1790517951278,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Socio-economic gradients in diet quality are well established. However, the influence of material socio-economic conditions particularly in childhood, and the use of multiple disaggregated socio-economic measures on diet quality have been little studied in the elderly. In the present study, we examined childhood and adult socio-economic measures, and social relationships, as determinants of diet quality cross-sectionally in 4252 older British men (aged 60\u201379 years). A FFQ provided data on daily fruit and vegetable consumption and the Elderly Dietary Index (EDI), with higher scores indicating better diet quality. Adult and childhood socio-economic measures included occupation\/father's occupation, education and household amenities, which combined to create composite scores. Social relationships included social contact, living arrangements and marital status. Both childhood and adult socio-economic factors were independently associated with diet quality. Compared with non-manual social class, men of childhood manual social class were less likely to consume fruit and vegetables daily (OR 0\u00b780, 95\u00a0% CI 0\u00b766, 0\u00b797), as were men of adult manual social class (OR 0\u00b765, 95\u00a0% CI 0\u00b754, 0\u00b779), and less likely to be in the top EDI quartile (OR 0\u00b773, 95\u00a0% CI 0\u00b761, 0\u00b788), similar to men of adult manual social class (OR 0\u00b766, 95\u00a0% CI 0\u00b755, 0\u00b779). Diet quality decreased with increasing adverse adult socio-economic scores; however, the association with adverse childhood socio-economic scores diminished with adult social class adjustment. A combined adverse childhood and adulthood socio-economic score was associated with poor diet quality. Diet quality was most favourable in married men and those not living alone, but was not associated with social contact. Diet quality in older men is influenced by childhood and adulthood socio-economic factors, marital status and living arrangements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114515000604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T14:20:08Z","timestamp":1427898008000},"page":"1441-1452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Diet quality in older age: the influence of childhood and adult socio-economic circumstances"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Janice L.","family":"Atkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheena E.","family":"Ramsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Whincup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard W.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy T.","family":"Lennon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Goya","family":"Wannamethee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601080"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.283.6285.179"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2004.06.002"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afp121"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114507250421"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2004.030932"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref50","first-page":"42","article-title":"Elderly men living alone: are they at high nutritional risk?","volume":"3","author":"Charlton","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref31","first-page":"103","article-title":"A short dietary questionnaire for use in an epidemiological survey: comparison with weighed dietary records","volume":"37","author":"Yarnell","year":"1983","journal-title":"Hum Nutr Appl Nutr"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref41","volume-title":"Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO Consultation. WHO Technical Report Series no. 894","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc1502.107117"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jhh.1002212"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.08.018"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref30","article-title":"Food frequency v. weighed intake data in Scottish men","volume":"50","author":"Bolton-Smith","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref23","first-page":"S27","article-title":"Determinants of healthy eating in community-dwelling elderly people","volume":"96","author":"Payette","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.133413"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601889"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2013-202513"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.21532"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-012-0436-y"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00137-5"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780195122978.001.0001"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2004.01.010"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20061731"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2011.04.038"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.311.7018.1457"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref4","volume-title":"Keep Fit for Life. Meeting the Nutritional Needs of Older Persons","year":"2002"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht449"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref20","first-page":"177","article-title":"Dietary quality and social contact among a nationally representative sample of the older adult population in the United States","volume":"9","author":"Sahyoun","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref1","volume-title":"Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Disease. Joint WHO\/FAO Expert Consultation. WHO Technical Report Series no. 916","year":"2003"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi183"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2008.66"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980009005448"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)02465-8"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.113.186486"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29673"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980010002508"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref32","first-page":"569","article-title":"Critical evaluation of energy intake data using fundamental principles of energy physiology: 1. Derivation of cut-off limits to identify under-recording","volume":"45","author":"Goldberg","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200202000-00002"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/appe.1997.0110"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20051456"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/138.1.5","article-title":"Modified MyPyramid for older adults","volume":"138","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2009.03.004"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn115"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2004610"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/cki167"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90084-4"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.8.700"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref11","first-page":"2","article-title":"Low income is associated with poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet and a higher prevalence of obesity: cross-sectional results from the Moli-sani study","author":"Bonaccio","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S136898001000385X"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.5.1107","article-title":"Does social class predict diet quality?","volume":"87","author":"Darmon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.38"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600767"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1160\/TH03-04-0221","article-title":"The effects of different alcoholic drinks on lipids, insulin and haemostatic and inflammatory markers in older men","volume":"90","author":"Wannamethee","year":"2003","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.9.2762","article-title":"Understanding the experience of food insecurity by elders suggests ways to improve its measurement","volume":"133","author":"Wolfe","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7093.1545"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh295"},{"key":"S0007114515000604_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2318-10-32"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007114515000604","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,20]],"date-time":"2019-04-20T20:43:09Z","timestamp":1555792989000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007114515000604\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007114515000604"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114515000604","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1145","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Authors 2015\u00a0This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}