{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T17:48:12Z","timestamp":1793641692207,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512000000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammation confounds the interpretation of several micronutrient biomarkers resulting in estimates that may not reflect the true burden of deficiency. We aimed to assess and compare the micronutrient status of a cohort of Indonesian infants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>230) at aged 6, 9 and 12 months by ignoring inflammation (unadjusted) and adjusting four micronutrient biomarkers for inflammation with C-reactive protein (CRP) and<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>-1-glycoprotein (AGP) using the following methods: (1) arithmetic correction factors with the use of a four-stage inflammation model; and (2) regression modelling. Prevalence of infants with any inflammation (CRP&gt;5 mg\/l and\/or AGP&gt;1 g\/l) was about 25% at each age. Compared with unadjusted values, regression adjustment at 6, 9 and 12 months generated the lowest (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0\u00b7001) geometric mean (GM) for serum ferritin (26\u00b75, 14\u00b77, 10\u00b78 \u03bcg\/l) and the highest GM for serum retinol-binding protein (0\u00b795, 1\u00b700, 1\u00b701 \u03bcmol\/l) and Zn (11\u00b78, 11\u00b70, 11\u00b75 \u03bcmol\/l). As a consequence, at 6, 9 and 12 months regression adjustment yielded the highest prevalence of Fe deficiency (20\u00b73, 37\u00b78, 59\u00b75 %) and the lowest prevalence of vitamin A (26\u00b74,16\u00b76, 17\u00b73 %) and Zn (16\u00b79, 20\u00b76, 11\u00b70 %) deficiency, respectively. For serum Se, irrespective of adjustment, GM were low (regression: 0\u00b773, 0\u00b778, 0\u00b781 \u03bcmol\/l) with prevalence of deficiency &gt;50 % across all ages. In conclusion, without inflammation adjustment, Fe deficiency was grossly under-estimated and vitamin A and Zn deficiency over-estimated, highlighting the importance of correcting for the influence of such, before implementing programmes to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition. However, further work is needed to validate the proposed approaches with a particular focus on assessing the influence of varying degrees of inflammation (i.e. recurrent acute infections and low-grade chronic inflammation) on each affected nutrient biomarker.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114517002860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T13:52:34Z","timestamp":1512049954000},"page":"830-839","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Iron, zinc, vitamin A and selenium status in a cohort of Indonesian infants after adjusting for inflammation using several different approaches"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"118","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9394-5235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aly","family":"Diana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian 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