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The goal of this trial was to evaluate the impact of substituting ghee with rapeseed oil on primary outcomes such as fatty liver and liver enzymes, as well as on secondary outcomes including glycaemic variables, lipid profile and anthropometric measurements in individuals with NAFLD. Over 12 weeks, 110 patients (seventy men and forty women; BMI (mean) 28\u00b72 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 1\u00b76 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>); mean age 42 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 9\u00b76) years), who daily consumed ghee, were assigned to the intervention or control group through random allocation. The intervention group was advised to substitute ghee with rapeseed oil in the same amount. The control group continued the consumption of ghee and was instructed to adhere to a healthy diet. Results showed a significant reduction in the steatosis in the intervention group in comparison with the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0\u00b7001). However, a significant change in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (\u201314\u00b74 \u03bcg\/l), \u03b3-glutamyl transferase (\u20131\u00b78 \u03bcg\/l), TAG (\u201339\u00b77 mg\/dl), total cholesterol (\u201317\u00b72 mg\/dl), LDL (\u20137\u00b75 mg\/dl), fasting blood glucose (\u20137\u00b75 mg\/dl), insulin (\u20133\u00b705 mU\/l), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (\u20130\u00b79), Quantitative Insulin-Sensitivity Check Index (+0\u00b701), weight (\u20134\u00b73 kg), BMI (\u20130\u00b704 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), waist (\u20135\u00b76 cm) and waist:height ratio (\u20130\u00b704) was seen in the intervention group. The consumption of rapeseed oil instead of ghee caused improvements in liver steatosis and enzymes, glycaemic variables and anthropometric measurements among individuals with NAFLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114524000564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T07:55:27Z","timestamp":1710834927000},"page":"1985-1996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The effects of replacing ghee with rapeseed oil on liver steatosis and enzymes, lipid profile, insulin resistance and anthropometric measurements in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomised controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Maleki Sedgi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammadreza","family":"Mohammad Hosseiniazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0593-1491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Alizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114524000564_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.112227"},{"key":"S0007114524000564_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-022-00980-1"},{"key":"S0007114524000564_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.7.6661"},{"key":"S0007114524000564_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2009.04.001"},{"key":"S0007114524000564_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2007.07.015"},{"key":"S0007114524000564_ref37","unstructured":"37. 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