{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T10:06:13Z","timestamp":1782122773209,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to explore the potential causal association between PUFA and the risk of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) using Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis. A two-sample MR analysis was conducted utilising large-scale European-based genome-wide association studies summary databases. The primary MR analysis was carried out using the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, complemented by other methods such as MR-egger, weighted-median and weighted mode. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to validate the robustness of the findings. Results indicated a 31 % reduced risk of ICP for every 1 standard deviation (<jats:sc>s<\/jats:sc><jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>) increase in <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 fatty acids levels (OR = 0\u00b769, 95 % CI: 0\u00b754, 0\u00b789, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7004) and in the ratio of <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 fatty acids to total fatty acids (OR = 0\u00b769, 95 % CI: 0\u00b753, 0\u00b791, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7008). Conversely, there was a 51 % increased risk of ICP for every 1 <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> increase in the ratio of <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-6 fatty acids to <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 fatty acids (OR = 1\u00b751, 95 % CI: 1\u00b720, 1\u00b791, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0\u00b7001) and a 138 % increased risk for every 1 <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> increase in the ratio of linoleic fatty acids to total fatty acids (OR = 2\u00b738, 95 % CI: 1\u00b755, 3\u00b766, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0\u00b7001). The findings suggest that <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 fatty acids may have a protective effect against the risk of ICP, while <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-6 fatty acids and linoleic fatty acids could be potential risk factors for ICP. The supplementation of <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 fatty acids, as opposed to <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-6 fatty acids, could be a promising strategy for the prevention and management of ICP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114524002095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T11:01:58Z","timestamp":1729681318000},"page":"1022-1029","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["PUFA and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"132","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4002-9835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiong","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinchun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenyang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaoyan","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2017.04.009"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.07.041"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref7","first-page":"1158","article-title":"n-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease","volume":"110","author":"Jaca","year":"2020","journal-title":"S Afr Med J = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu328"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004141"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04288.x"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0255-x"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-018-0949-6"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx034"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21965"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/79.7.961"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061109"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.08.102"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.8.1197"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000346"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/ceji.2014.43723"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29931-z"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000709"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2013.783810"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.733225"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012271"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222112029"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020760"},{"key":"S0007114524002095_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. 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