{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:13:31Z","timestamp":1780578811366,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736985600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anaemia remains a significant public health concern in developing countries. This study estimated the proportion of childhood\u00a0anaemia cases that could be potentially prevented in Togo using data from the 2017 National Malaria Indicator Survey. Maternal, child, and household data were collected through standardized face-to-face interviews. Haemoglobin (Hb) levels were measured in children and their mothers. A total of 2796 children were included in the analyses. The prevalence of anaemia was 75\u00b70 % (95 % CI, CI: 72\u00b75, 88\u00b70). Factors associated with childhood anaemia were age ((adjusted prevalence ratio, aPR = 1\u00b746 (CI: 1\u00b737, 1\u00b756) for 6\u201323 months and aPR = 1\u00b723 (1\u00b714, 1\u00b732) for 24\u201342 months, ref: 43\u201359 months), a later birth order (\u2265 4th position) (aPR = 1\u00b711 (1\u00b703, 1\u00b719), ref: 1st\u20132nd position), malaria in children (aPR = 1\u00b730 (1\u00b722, 1\u00b738)), maternal age \u2264 25 (aPR = 1\u00b717 (1\u00b708, 1\u00b727), ref: \u2265 35 years), maternal anaemia (aPR = 1\u00b713 (1\u00b707, 1\u00b719)), lack of maternal education (aPR = 1\u00b710 (1\u00b702, 1\u00b718), ref: \u2265 secondary), number of children under 5 in household (aPR = 1\u00b707 (1\u00b700, 1\u00b714) for \u2265 3, ref: 0\u20131), unimproved sanitation facilities (aPR = 1\u00b712 (1\u00b702, 1\u00b722)) and low\/middle household incomes (aPR = 1\u00b716 (1\u00b704, 1\u00b730) and aPR = 1\u00b713 (1\u00b701, 1\u00b726), respectively, ref: high). The population-attributable fraction was estimated at 8\u00b72 % (6\u00b73, 10\u00b71 %) for child-related modifiable factors, 11\u00b71 % (5\u00b77, 16\u00b73 %) for maternal-related factors, 15\u00b78 % (8\u00b76, 22\u00b75 %) for household-related factors and 30\u00b79 % (24\u00b70, 37\u00b72 %) for the combination of all modifiable factors. This study highlighted a high prevalence of childhood anaemia in Togo and showed that a high proportion of this could be prevented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114524003313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T05:52:35Z","timestamp":1737006755000},"page":"764-772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Population-attributable fractions for risk factors for childhood anaemia: findings from the 2017 Togo Malaria Indicator Survey"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8981-2990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phyllis","family":"Ohene-Agyei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 des Populations (URESAP)"},{"name":"University of Ghana"},{"name":"Association de la Diaspora pour le Recherche et la Promotion de la Sant\u00e9 en Afrique (ADREPSA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7456-2036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aude Laetitia","family":"Ndoadoumgue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 des Populations (URESAP)"},{"name":"Association de la Diaspora pour le Recherche et la Promotion de la Sant\u00e9 en Afrique (ADREPSA)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5131-1384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Essossimna","family":"Bana-Ewai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 des Populations (URESAP)"},{"name":"Occupational Health Office"},{"name":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Togolaise de M\u00e9decine du Travail (STMT)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2554-6515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Issifou","family":"Yaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 des Populations (URESAP)"},{"name":"Association de la Diaspora pour le Recherche et la Promotion de la Sant\u00e9 en Afrique (ADREPSA)"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche Clinique en Economie de la Sant\u00e9 (URC-ECO), H\u00f4pital H\u00f4tel-Dieu, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pital de Paris"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4258-3764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aboubakari","family":"Nambiema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 des Populations (URESAP)"},{"name":"Association de la Diaspora pour le Recherche et la Promotion de la Sant\u00e9 en Afrique (ADREPSA)"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007114524003313","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T13:30:49Z","timestamp":1767360649000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007114524003313\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007114524003313"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114524003313","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1145","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}