{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T14:15:43Z","timestamp":1764080143135,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study compared red meat, white meat and vegetable consumption before, during and after COVID-19 pandemic among older adults in regional China. Data were collected from urban individuals aged 60+ years in Nanjing municipality in 2018, 2021 and 2023. Differences in food intake frequencies between participants and survey years were examined. Logistic regression models were employed to identify influencing factors of meat, and vegetable consumption. Totally, 13\u00a0792 participants were analysed, with 4355, 4622 and 4815 from 2018, 2021 and 2023 surveys, respectively. The mean weekly intake frequency (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>) in 2018, 2021 and 2023 was, separately, 3\u00b785 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 2\u00b783), 3\u00b721 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 2\u00b790) and 4\u00b771 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 3\u00b794) for red meat; 1\u00b738 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 1\u00b721), 2\u00b708 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 1\u00b790) and 2\u00b773 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 2\u00b755) for white meat; and 10\u00b798 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 4\u00b784), 10\u00b700 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 5\u00b704) and 10\u00b734 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 5\u00b704) for vegetable. Moreover, 23\u00b72, 32\u00b76 and 52\u00b73 % of participants met the recommendation for meat intake, while 53\u00b77, 46\u00b78 and 49\u00b76 % reached vegetable intake recommendation before, during and after COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. Meat intake was positively associated with education, marital status and drinking, but negatively associated with age. Additionally, education and marital status were in negative relation to vegetable consumption, while smoking and drinking were positively associated with vegetable intake. The older residents consumed less red meat and vegetable but more white meat during COVID-19 pandemic, and their consumption levels of meat and vegetable went up after the pandemic. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to support older adults\u2019 dietary habits during emergency events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114525104121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T11:03:37Z","timestamp":1755860617000},"page":"312-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A population-level comparison analysis of red meat, white meat and vegetable consumption among adults aged 60+ years before, during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in regional China"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Guilin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haidi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tianrui","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health"},{"name":"Nanjing Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiqing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health"},{"name":"Nanjing Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunting","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health"},{"name":"Nanjing Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guofeng","family":"Ao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health"},{"name":"Nanjing Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1785-3635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute"},{"name":"Nanjing Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref29","unstructured":"29. Chinese Nutrition Society (2016) Chinese Dietary Guidelines for the Older Residents. Beijing: People\u2019s Medical Publishing House (In Chinese)."},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124522"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-021-00741-9"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-023-03145-5"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-0699"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2020.105005"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref21","unstructured":"21. Nanjing Municipal Bureau of Statistics (2019) Nanjing National Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin in 2018. http:\/\/tjj.nanjing.gov.cn\/njstjj\/201904\/t20190402_1495134.html (accessed 26 July 2023)."},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19813\/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2019.01.003"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601251"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19137612"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuac088"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17072304"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2023.104"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref30","first-page":"265","article-title":"Study on the reliability and validity of international physical activity questionnaire","volume":"25","author":"Qu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin J Epidemiol"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref22","unstructured":"22. The National Bureau of Statistics, The People\u2019s Republic of China (2013) Rules for Categorizing Urban and Rural Areas for Statistical Use. http:\/\/www.stats.gov.cn\/sj\/tjbz\/gjtjbz\/202302\/t20230213_1902742.html (accessed 12 October 2023)."},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.671004"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19159079"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-4-9"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref32","unstructured":"32. Division of Disease Control & Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2006) The Guideline for Prevention and Control of Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Adults. Beijing: People\u2019s Medical Publishing House (In Chinese)."},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref20","unstructured":"20. Office of the Leading Group of the State Council for the Seventh National Population Census (2022) China Population Census Yearbook 2020. Beijing: China Statistics Press."},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112338-20211119-00903"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjnph-2020-000218"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5868-8-42"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0284799"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-01922-9"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref35","unstructured":"35. Chinese Nutrition Society (2016) Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents. Beijing: People\u2019s Medical Publishing House (In Chinese)."},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1006-9577.2018.10.003"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref37","first-page":"273","article-title":"Comparison of assessment of food intakes by using 3 dietary survey methods","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chin J Prev Med"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182111130"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010115"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.08.015"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref1","unstructured":"1. World Health Organization (2024) World Health Statistics 2024. Monitoring Health for the SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals. https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/376869\/9789240094703-eng.pdf?sequence=1 (accessed 18 August 2024)."},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref26","first-page":"796","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of hypertension combined with diabetes among the elderly people in Nanjing, China","volume":"36","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pract Geriatrics"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref24","unstructured":"24. The Joint Working Team against COVID-19 & The State Council of China (2022) The Overall Plan for Implementation of \u2018Class B Management Approaches for Class B Infectious Disease\u2019 against COVID-19 (2022:144). https:\/\/www.nhc.gov.cn\/xcs\/zhengcwj\/202212\/e97e4c449d7a475794624b8ea12123c6.shtml (accessed 17 February 2023)."},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051690"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref28","first-page":"744","article-title":"Establishment and application of food frequency questionnaire method among Chinese","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hyg Res"},{"key":"S0007114525104121_ref27","first-page":"191","article-title":"Scheme of the Chinese chronic non-communicable disease and risk factor surveillance","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin J Prev Med"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007114525104121","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T12:56:31Z","timestamp":1760619391000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007114525104121\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007114525104121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114525104121","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0007-1145"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1475-2662"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Nutrition Society","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}