{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T07:28:21Z","timestamp":1786433301156,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Nutrition is crucial for the growth of children and adolescents. This study investigated multiple nutritional problems and influencing factors among 2423 students aged 6\u201317 years in Guizhou Province, using questionnaire surveys, physical examinations and blood tests. Multifactorial logistic and Poisson regression analyses were used to identify determinants of overnutrition and undernutrition. The results showed a distinct profile compared with national averages: wasting was more prevalent (9\u00b76 %), while overweight (8\u00b76 %) and obesity (5\u00b70 %) were less common. Notably, hyperuricaemia (27\u00b76 %) and Zn deficiency (17\u00b79 %) were elevated, whereas classical metabolic syndrome (2\u00b73 %) was lower, delineating a regional pattern that prioritises these emerging and micronutrient issues. Marginal vitamin A deficiency (17\u00b72 %) and vitamin D inadequacy (50\u00b79 %) remained significant. Older age (11\u201317 years) was a strong risk factor for overnutrition-related disorders and hyperuricaemia (All\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0\u00b7001). Overweight\/obesity increased risks of hyperuricaemia and metabolic syndrome (All\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0\u00b7001). Being female was a major risk factor for undernutrition (prevalence ratio = 1\u00b727, 95 % CI: 1\u00b719, 1\u00b735,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0\u00b7001) and vitamin D deficiency (adjusted OR = 2\u00b751, 95 % CI: 2\u00b710, 3\u00b700,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0\u00b7001), but a protective factor against hyperuricaemia (adjusted OR = 0\u00b734, 95 % CI: 0\u00b727, 0\u00b741,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0\u00b7001). Frequent sugary drink consumption (\u2265 3\/week) elevated hyperuricaemia risk (adjusted OR = 1\u00b733, 95 % CI: 1\u00b705, 1\u00b769,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0\u00b7020). This study underscores a complex double burden of malnutrition in western China, characterised by specific priority areas, and necessitates tailored, multi-component interventions such as limiting sugary drinks and focusing nutrition support on adolescent girls.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114526106400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T08:07:38Z","timestamp":1770365258000},"page":"1118-1132","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multiple analysis of the nutritional status of children and adolescents in Western China"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"135","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9674-4552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/009j0tv77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6631-5254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianlong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/009j0tv77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiya","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/009j0tv77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.229708"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz023"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref29","volume-title":"Screening for Overweight and Obesity among School-Age Children and Adolescents","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref47","first-page":"50","article-title":"Analysis of vitamin D nutritional status and related factors among children and adolescents aged 6\u201317 years in some districts and counties of Chongqing","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mod Prev Med"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref27","volume-title":"Screening Standard for Malnutrition of School-Age Children and Adolescents","year":"2014"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.08.019"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2022.2083670"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16234656"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2023.04.006"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref57","first-page":"300","article-title":"Trends in overweight and obesity among Chinese children of 7\u201318 years old during 1985\u20132014","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chin J Prev Med"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref34","volume-title":"Method for Vitamin A Deficiency Screening","year":"2017"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0709"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09983"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina55070337"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.157.8.821"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref56","first-page":"62","article-title":"Regional distribution characteristics of dietary patterns among Chinese adults","volume":"29","author":"Meijuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin Food Nutr"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyp322"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2011.08.019"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12417"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref18","first-page":"922","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Chinese children and adolescents","volume":"37","author":"Yufei","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Math Med"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110795"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17888"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614362","article-title":"Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years","volume":"377","author":"Afshin","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13060589"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.657627"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.165258"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-013-2808-y"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref37","first-page":"183","article-title":"Analysis of biochemical indicators and influencing factors in patients with hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia","volume":"43","author":"Memetursun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Xinjiang Med Univ"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11081788"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02023813"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/152308603770380007"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-016-0922-x"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46234\/ccdcw2021.058"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2012.121"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref22","first-page":"542","article-title":"Comparative study on China National and Health Survey\/Surveillance in 1959, 1982, 1992, 2002 and 2010\u20132013","volume":"45","author":"Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hyg Res"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2004.09.002"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30075-0"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref21","first-page":"21","article-title":"Current status of hyperuricemia in children and adolescents","volume":"4","author":"Hui","year":"2025","journal-title":"Women Children\u2019s Health J"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.043497"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2025.145083"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref25","volume-title":"Dietary Guidelines for Chinese School-Aged Children (2022) [M]","year":"2022"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46234\/ccdcw2024.011"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref11","first-page":"52","article-title":"Analysis of pH characteristics and acidification drivers in tobacco-growing soils of Tongren City, Guizhou Province","volume":"43","author":"Zhiyong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Southwest Univ"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2020.1846014"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17980"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(21)00374-6"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref17","first-page":"431","article-title":"Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents in 8 provinces and cities and its main influencing factors","volume":"28","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chinese J Health Educ"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1862"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref35","first-page":"245","article-title":"Expert consensus on the evaluation and improvement of vitamin D nutritional status","volume":"17","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin J Health Manage"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9040319"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025559"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43422"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.01.052"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-017-9424-1"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/106.4.569"},{"key":"S0007114526106400_ref26","volume-title":"WHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour","year":"2020"}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007114526106400","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T06:38:56Z","timestamp":1786430336000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007114526106400\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007114526106400"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114526106400","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1145","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}