{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T21:16:31Z","timestamp":1758402991752},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]],"date-time":"2012-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1326672000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bull. Entomol. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among Anoplura, the family Echinophthiriidae includes species that infest pinnipeds and otters. Previous evidence obtained from pinnipeds infested by echinophthiriids, specifically from seals, indicates that flippers are the preferred infestation sites, while lice from fur seals select areas in the pelage. We studied habitat selection of <jats:italic>Antarctophthirus microchir<\/jats:italic> on South American sea lion pups (<jats:italic>Otaria flavescens<\/jats:italic> Shaw, 1800) from Patagonia, Argentina, during the austral summer of 2009. We found a clear pattern of habitat selection: eggs are laid on the dorsal surface; nymphs 1 hatch there and then migrate to the belly, where they develop into adults and copulate; and then ovigerous females return to the dorsal surface. On the one hand, nymphs 1 are characterised by their low locomotory ability; therefore, the fact that they migrate as soon as they hatch suggests a clear pressure leading to microhabitat restriction. On the other hand, the described pattern of microhabitat selection seems to respond to the physiological requirements of each stage, which vary according to the physiological process considered, e.g. oviposition, morphogenesis, hatching and development. Accordingly, it appears that <jats:italic>A. microchir<\/jats:italic> would prefer the host's ventral area for development and copulation and the dorsal area for oviposition. However, the causes of this pattern are not clear, and many factors could be involved. Considering that sea lion pups periodically soak at high tides, and that prolonged immersion and very high humidity are known to be lethal for lice eggs, selecting the dorsal area would be advantageous for oviposition because it dries much faster. Furthermore, because humidity should be retained for longer periods on the ventral surface of the pup, wetter conditions on the sea lion would prevent desiccation of the nymphs in the very arid environment where <jats:italic>O. flavescens<\/jats:italic> breeds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007485311000794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]],"date-time":"2012-01-16T11:27:10Z","timestamp":1326713230000},"page":"444-452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Life begins when the sea lion is ashore: microhabitat use by a louse living on a diving mammal host"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"M.S.","family":"Leonardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.A.","family":"Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.G.","family":"Vales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Feijoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Raga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.J.","family":"Aznar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-002-0630-7"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref10","volume-title":"Coevolution of Parasitic Arthropods and Mammals","author":"Kim","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012088552-7\/50009-6"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref11","volume-title":"Seals of the World","author":"King","year":"1983"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2050.1"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"The sucking lice (Insecta, Anoplura) of the world: a taxonomic checklist with records of mammalian hosts and geographical distributions","volume":"218","author":"Durden","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref8","first-page":"2027","article-title":"Louse populations of the Northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus)","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"1972","journal-title":"The American Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref9","first-page":"504","article-title":"Ecology and morphological adaptation of the sucking lice (Anoplura, Echinophthiriidae) on the Northern fur seal","volume":"169","author":"Kim","year":"1975","journal-title":"Rapport et Proc\u00e8s verbaux des R\u00e9unions du conseil Permanent International pour l\u00b4Exploration de la Mer"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156853988X00205"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9570013"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9650761"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref3","volume-title":"Parasitism: The Diversity and Ecology of Animal Parasites","author":"Bush","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182008005441"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref15","unstructured":"Mostman Liwanag H.E. (2008) Fur versus blubber: a comparative look at marine mammal insulation and its metabolic and behavioral consequences. PhD thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA."},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0706.2002.970208.x"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref30","first-page":"121","article-title":"Preference for covered nest sites and breeding success in Kelp Gulls Larus dominicanus","volume":"23","author":"Yorio","year":"1995","journal-title":"Marine Ornithology"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9570183"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9570173"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref7","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Marine Insects","author":"Hinton","year":"1976"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9570019"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9600357"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref23","first-page":"79","volume-title":"Insects Parasites of Marine Birds and Mammals","author":"Murray","year":"1976"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(87)90040-3"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/ZO9650437"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1320"},{"key":"S0007485311000794_ref28","unstructured":"Reiczigel J. & R\u00f3zsa L. (2005) Quantitative Parasitology 3.0. Budapest. 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