{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:23:37Z","timestamp":1790807017356,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1324512000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genet. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In<jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>, the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)-related ligand Dpp- and BMP-like-1 (DBL-1) regulates body size by promoting the larval and adult growth of the large epidermal syncytium hyp7 without affecting cell division. This system provides an excellent model for dissecting the growth-promoting activities of BMP ligands, since in this context the growth and differentiation functions of DBL-1 are naturally uncoupled.<jats:italic>dbl-1<\/jats:italic>is expressed primarily in neurons and the DBL-1 ligand signals to its receptors and Smad signal transducers in the target tissue of the epidermis. The requirements constraining the source(s) of DBL-1, however, have not previously been investigated. We show here that<jats:italic>dbl-1<\/jats:italic>expression requirements are strikingly relaxed. Expression in non-overlapping subsets of the endogenous expression pattern, as well as ectopic expression, can provide sufficient levels of activity for rescue of the small body size of<jats:italic>dbl-1<\/jats:italic>mutants. By analysing<jats:italic>dbl-1<\/jats:italic>expression levels in transgenic strains with different degrees of rescue, we corroborate the model that DBL-1 is a dose-dependent regulator of growth. We conclude that, for body size regulation, the site of expression of<jats:italic>dbl-1<\/jats:italic>is less important than the level of expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0016672311000310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T11:44:43Z","timestamp":1324554283000},"page":"427-432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Non-stringent tissue-source requirements for BMP ligand expression in regulation of body size in<i>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"CATHY","family":"SAVAGE-DUNN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"LING","family":"YU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KWESI","family":"GILL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MUHAMMAD","family":"AWAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"THILINI","family":"FERNANDO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0016672311000310_ref026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2001.0443"},{"key":"S0016672311000310_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/381387a0"},{"key":"S0016672311000310_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4989","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.21.4989","article-title":"The 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