{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,2]],"date-time":"2022-04-02T11:33:09Z","timestamp":1648899189364},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,31]],"date-time":"2008-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1217462400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":8157,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biosoc. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The changes in the average male-female performance difference for nine running, six swimming and four skating events between the years 1936 and 1984 are examined. The data, world records and verified best performances, confirm the conclusions derived in earlier more circumscribed studies that women's performances relative to men's have improved markedly and are continuing to improve. This improvement is manifest in long and short distance events and in those in which women have been competing for a long time as much as those they have taken up recently. Regression analyses suggest that eventual equality of performance may be attained in the foreseeable future. The implications of these findings for women's sport are discussed. Women still have a more restricted programme in these three sports and many others; in particular several of the longer distance events are not open to them at Olympics, World Championships and so forth. These restrictions are obviously based on false perceptions of women's biology. With increasing participation, media exposure, training and social acceptance, women's improvements are likely to continue. The reasons for and implications of the previous incorrect scientific assessment of women's sporting potential are also discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0021932000016102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,31]],"date-time":"2008-07-31T11:53:51Z","timestamp":1217505231000},"page":"169-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The trend of the male-female differential in various speed sports 1936\u201384"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"K. F.","family":"Dyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref012","volume-title":"Athletics of Today for Women","author":"Webster","year":"1930"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2987665"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref004","article-title":"Making up the difference: some explanations for recent improvements in women's athletic performances","author":"Dyer","year":"1985","journal-title":"Search"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref005","volume-title":"Running Out of Time: The History of Running Records","author":"Dyer","year":"1984"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref003","volume-title":"Challenging the Men: Women in Sport","author":"Dyer","year":"1982"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref008","volume-title":"Sport in the Cultural Pattern of the World","author":"Jokl","year":"1956"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932000011159"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/144078338301900303"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref007","unstructured":"Hill A.V. (1925) The Physiological Basis of Athletic Records. Report of the 93rd Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, p. 156. BAAS,London."},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref011","volume-title":"Women's Athletics Yearbook","author":"Pozzoli","year":"1976"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref010","volume-title":"Winning Women: Challenging the Norms in Australian Sport","author":"Mitchell","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0021932000016102_ref009","volume-title":"International Research in Sport and Physical Education","author":"Jokl","year":"1964"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biosocial Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0021932000016102","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,22]],"date-time":"2019-05-22T06:32:47Z","timestamp":1558506767000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0021932000016102\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1986,4]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0021932000016102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0021932000016102","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9320","1469-7599"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9320","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7599","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1986,4]]}}}