{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T16:05:14Z","timestamp":1792685114459,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]],"date-time":"2012-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328745600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biosoc. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The practice of consanguineous marriage has been the culturally preferred form of marriage in most Arab and the Middle Eastern countries, including Oman, but due to a paucity of population-based data in the past there is a dearth of information about its form and dynamics in Oman. Recent national-level surveys allow this gap to be filled. This paper examines the prevalence, trends and determinants of consanguineous marriages in Oman using data from the 2000 Oman National Health Survey. The results indicate a very high prevalence of consanguineous marriage in Oman, as more than half (52%) of marriages are consanguineous. First cousin unions are the most common type of consanguineous unions, constituting 39% of all marriages and 75% of all consanguineous marriages. The study observed various patterns of consanguinity, some of them common with other Arab nations, and some unique in nature. Women's age at marriage, employment, place of childhood residence and geographical region appear to be significant determinants of consanguineous marriages. Consanguineous marriage shows a strong association with marital stability, early age at marriage and early-age childbearing. There has been no appreciable change in the prevalence of consanguineous unions in Oman over the last four decades despite massive socioeconomic development and modernization. However, recent marriage cohorts show slight declining trends. The results suggest that consanguinity is likely to remain stable in the future or decline at a slow rate. Specific health education and genetic counselling should be followed in line with WHO recommendations to minimize the negative health consequences of consanguinity for child health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0021932012000016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]],"date-time":"2012-02-09T07:15:15Z","timestamp":1328771715000},"page":"571-594","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["THE PRACTICE OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGE IN OMAN: PREVALENCE, TRENDS AND DETERMINANTS"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"M. MAZHARUL","family":"ISLAM","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref32","first-page":"76","article-title":"Consanguineous marriages in Iraqi urban population and the effect on pregnancy outcome and infant mortality","volume":"34","author":"Hamamy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Iraqi Medical Journal"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref69","unstructured":"WHO (2006) Medical Genetic Services in Developing Countries: The Ethical, Legal and Social Implications of Genetic Testing and Screening. WHO, Geneva."},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg754"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000096280"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/44.5.300"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/22.3.463"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref65","first-page":"1","article-title":"Study of consanguinity in Moroccan population. Influence on the profile of health","volume":"15","author":"Talbi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antropo Revista de Antropologia fisica"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref19","volume-title":"A Background Summary of Consanguineous Marriage","author":"Bittles","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932097004914"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932003000014"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/203346"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000066333"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref30","volume-title":"Levels and Trends in Fertility in Oman and Yemen","author":"Eltigani","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref46","volume-title":"Annual Health Report 2009: Muscat","year":"2010"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref26","first-page":"3","article-title":"Consanguinity and congenital anomalies in East Libya","volume":"4","author":"Broadhead","year":"1981","journal-title":"Garyounis Medical Journal"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref66","unstructured":"United Nations (2008) United National World Population Prospects: 2008 Revision. United Nations."},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19970808)71:2<240::AID-AJMG26>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000153932"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref44","first-page":"1","article-title":"Marked parental consanguinity as a cause for increased major malformations in an Israeli Arab community","volume":"41","author":"Lufti","year":"1992","journal-title":"American Journal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320150404"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Assessment of association between consanguinity and fertility in Asian populations","volume":"22","author":"Hussain","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014567800950"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.1986.tb00509.x"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.10321","article-title":"Consanguinity and endogamy in Northern Tunisia and its impact on nonsyndromic deafness","volume":"27","author":"Ben","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genetic Epidemiology"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref40","first-page":"324","article-title":"Consanguineous marriages in Beirut: time trends, spatial distribution","volume":"35","author":"Khlat","year":"1988","journal-title":"Social Biology"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref63","unstructured":"Sulaiman A. J. M. , Al-Riyami A. & Farid S. (2000) Oman Family Health Survey 1995. Final Report. Ministry of Health, Muscat."},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5144\/0256-4947.1999.206"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932004007060"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref22","first-page":"324","article-title":"A community genetics perspective on consanguineous marriage","volume":"11","author":"Bittles","year":"2008","journal-title":"Community Genetics"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932003005911"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0004.2001.600201.x"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref8","first-page":"748","article-title":"Determinants of women's fertility in Oman","volume":"24","author":"Al-Riyami","year":"2003","journal-title":"Saudi Medical Journal"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref16","first-page":"321","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Demographic and Health Surveys World Conference","volume":"1","author":"Bittles","year":"1991"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932009003290"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932008002782","article-title":"Modernization or cultural maintenance: the practice of consanguineous marriage in Iran","volume":"40","author":"Abbasi-Shavazi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Biosocial Science"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018727005707"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref3","article-title":"The changing profile of consanguinity rates in Bahrain, 1990\u20132009","author":"Al-Arrayed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Biosocial Science"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref7","volume-title":"National Health Survey 2000","volume":"2","author":"Al-Riyami","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932008002940"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref70","first-page":"289","article-title":"Frequency of consanguineous unions in the Tlemcen area (West Algeria)","volume":"12","author":"Zaoui","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sante"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000154362"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2137601"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812830418_0007"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02715905"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2028254"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1094-117"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref27","first-page":"1","article-title":"A five-year prospective study of the health of children in different ethnic groups with particular reference to the effect of inbreeding","volume":"24","author":"Bundey","year":"1995","journal-title":"European Journal of Human Genetics"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref28","volume-title":"The Muslim Family: A Study of Women's Rights in Islam","author":"Dahl","year":"1997"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref29","first-page":"1881","article-title":"Regional variations in the prevalence of consanguinity in Saudi Arabia","volume":"28","author":"El-Mouzan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Saudi Medical Journal"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932003006138"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2005.00426.x"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref34","first-page":"221","article-title":"Effects of consanguinity and social factors on mortality and fertility in Mauritania","volume":"83","author":"Hammami","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tunisie Medicale"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932099001212"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref37","first-page":"151","article-title":"Proximate determinants of declining fertility in Oman","volume":"38","author":"Islam","year":"2011","journal-title":"Canadian Studies in Population"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref38","first-page":"12","article-title":"The impact of consanguinity worldwide","volume":"1","author":"Jaber","year":"1998","journal-title":"Community Genetics"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932000016503"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320430502"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref45","first-page":"133","article-title":"Consanguinity and mental retardation","volume":"35","author":"Madhavan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Deficiency Research"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref47","volume-title":"Statistical Year Book 2009: Muscat","year":"2010"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932009003411"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1996.98624.x"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(97)90015-4"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref71","unstructured":"Zurayk H. (1979) The Changing Role of Arab Women. Population Bulletin of the United Nations Economic Commission for Western Asia, No. 17."},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/030144600282208","article-title":"A study of consanguinity in the Sultanate of Oman","volume":"27","author":"Rajab","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annals of Human Biology"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref58","first-page":"77","article-title":"Consanguinity effects on fertility and mortality among the Reddis of Chittoor District (A.P.)","volume":"11","author":"Rami","year":"1979","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Heredity"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1997.11747879"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.89.4.517"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref67","volume-title":"Human Development Report, 1998","year":"1998"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10680-008-9160-z"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-6-17"},{"key":"S0021932012000016_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2006.00750.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biosocial Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0021932012000016","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T19:09:39Z","timestamp":1556132979000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0021932012000016\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0021932012000016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0021932012000016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9320","1469-7599"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9320","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7599","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,9]]}}}