{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T11:05:44Z","timestamp":1779275144044,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biosoc. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The interval between successive pregnancies (birth interval) is one of the main indexes used to evaluate the health of a mother and her child. This study evaluated birth intervals in Iran using data from the Iranian Multiple Indicators Demographic and Health Survey (IrMIDHS) conducted in 2010\u20132011. A total of 20,093 married Iranian women aged 15\u201354 years from the whole country constituted the study sample. Based on the nature of sampling and the unobserved population heterogeneity for birth intervals in each city and province, a multilevel survival frailty model was applied. Data were analysed for women\u2019s first three birth intervals. The median first and second birth intervals were 30.3 and 39.7 months respectively. Higher education, Caesarean delivery, contraceptive use and exposure to public mass media were found to decrease the hazard rate ratio (HRR) of giving birth. Meanwhile, higher monthly income increased the hazard of giving birth. The results suggest that public mass media can play an effective role in encouraging women to have the recommended birth interval. Furthermore, increasing family income could encourage Iranian couples to decrease the time to their next birth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0021932019000610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T07:15:33Z","timestamp":1572333333000},"page":"534-546","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pattern and determinant factors of birth intervals among Iranian women: a semi-parametric multilevel survival model"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Seyedtabib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Moghimbeigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Mahmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Majdzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9375-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hossein","family":"Mahjub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0021932019000610_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10834-011-9248-1"},{"key":"S0021932019000610_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3386\/w10513"},{"key":"S0021932019000610_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901306"},{"key":"S0021932019000610_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/371f2549-en"},{"key":"S0021932019000610_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-11-38"},{"key":"S0021932019000610_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-016-0455-0"},{"key":"S0021932019000610_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.1996.tb00062.x"},{"key":"S0021932019000610_ref71","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2006) Report of a WHO Technical Consultation on Birth Spacing: Geneva, Switzerland 13\u201315 June 2005. 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