{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:23:51Z","timestamp":1790141031339,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biosoc. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Against the backdrop of the alarming rise in Caesarean section (C-section) births in India, this study aimed to examine the association between C-section births, fertility decline and female sterilization in the country. A cross-sectional design was used to investigate the association between C-section delivery and subsequent reproductive behaviour in women in India. Data were from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4). The study sample comprised 255,726 currently married women in the age group of 15\u201349 years. The results showed a strong positive relationship between C-section births and female sterilization. The predicted probabilities (PP) from the multivariate regression model indicated a higher chance of female sterilization in women with C-section births (PP = 0.39,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01) compared with those with non-C-section births (PP = 0.20,<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.01). Both state-level correlation plots and Poisson regression estimates showed a strong negative relationship between C-section births and mean children ever born (CEB). Based on the results, it may be concluded that the use of C-sections and sterilization were strongly correlated in India at the time of the NFHS-4, thus together contributing to fertility decline. A strong negative association was found between the occurrence of C-sections and CEB. The increased and undesired use of C-section births and consequent female sterilization is a regressive socio-demographic process that often violates women\u2019s rights. Fertility decline should happen through informed choice of family planning and must protect the reproductive rights of women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0021932021000754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T07:06:02Z","timestamp":1641452762000},"page":"238-259","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Caesarean deliveries, subsequent reproductive behaviour and children ever born in India"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8461-0612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rakesh","family":"Mishra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8481-484X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srinivas","family":"Goli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3681-9950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swastika","family":"Chakravorty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anu","family":"Rammohan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-8080(93)90060-7"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2001.00033.x"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1464700105057363"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315028958"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)32736-0"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:POPU.0000020963.63244.8c"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00651.x"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37168"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/016934411002800402"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2135895"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/8.1.33"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Out-of-pocket expenditure on maternity care for hospital births in Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"8","author":"Goli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Econonomics Review"},{"key":"S0021932021000754_ref30","unstructured":"Goli, S (2021) Problems with Uttar Pradesh\u2019s Population Bill, East Asia Forum. 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