{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T19:18:19Z","timestamp":1780514299679,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]],"date-time":"2008-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212278400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of <jats:italic>Iris hookeriana<\/jats:italic> Linn. rhizome against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. A worm motility inhibition assay was used for <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> study and a faecal egg count reduction assay was used for an <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> study. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> study revealed anthelmintic effects of crude aqueous extracts and crude ethanolic extracts on live <jats:italic>Trichuris ovis<\/jats:italic> worms (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.05) as evident from their paralysis and\/or death at 8\u00a0h after exposure. The aqueous extracts of <jats:italic>I. hookeriana<\/jats:italic> resulted in a mean worm motility inhibition of 54.0%, while ethanolic extracts resulted in a mean worm motility inhibition of 84.6%. The mean mortality index of aqueous extracts was 0.55, while for ethanolic extracts it was 0.85. The lethal concentration 50 for aqueous extracts was 0.45\u00a0mg\u00a0ml<jats:sup>\u2212\u00a01<\/jats:sup> and for ethanolic extracts it was 0.15\u00a0mg\u00a0ml<jats:sup>\u2212\u00a01<\/jats:sup>. The <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> anthelmintic activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of <jats:italic>I. hookeriana<\/jats:italic> in sheep naturally infected with mixed species of gastrointestinal nematodes demonstrated a maximum (45.62%) egg count reduction in sheep treated with ethanolic extracts at 2\u00a0g\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u2212\u00a01<\/jats:sup> body weight on day 10 after treatment, closely followed by ethanolic extracts at 1\u00a0g\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u2212\u00a01<\/jats:sup> body weight on day 10 after treatment (43.54% egg count reduction). The aqueous extracts resulted in a maximum of 31.53% reduction in faecal egg counts on day 10 after treatment with 1\u00a0g\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u2212\u00a01<\/jats:sup> body weight. Thus ethanolic extracts exhibited greater anthelmintic activity under both <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> conditions; this could be due to the presence of alcohol-soluble active ingredients in <jats:italic>I. hookeriana<\/jats:italic>. From the present study it can be suggested that <jats:italic>I. hookeriana<\/jats:italic> rhizome exhibited significant anthelmintic activity against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and has the potential to contribute to the control of gastrointestinal nematode parasites of small ruminants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x08912360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]],"date-time":"2008-02-05T09:04:09Z","timestamp":1202202249000},"page":"135-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of <i>Iris hookeriana<\/i> against gastrointestinal nematodes of 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