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Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sequence variability in three mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) regions, namely cytochrome<jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic>oxidase subunit 3 (<jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>3), NADH dehydrogenase subunits 1 and 4 (<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>1 and<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>4) in<jats:italic>Spirometra erinaceieuropaei<\/jats:italic>spargana from different geographical regions in China was examined. A portion of each of the<jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>3 (p<jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>3),<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>1 (p<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>1) and<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>4 genes (p<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>4) were amplified separately from individual<jats:italic>S. erinaceieuropaei<\/jats:italic>spargana by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Representative amplicons were subjected to sequencing in order to estimate sequence variability. The sequences of p<jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>3, p<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>1 and p<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>4 were 541, 607 and 847\u00a0bp in length, respectively. The A+T contents of the sequences were 68.39\u201368.76% (p<jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>3), 63.76\u201364.91% (p<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>1) and 67.18\u201367.77% (p<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>4), respectively, while the intra-specific sequence variations within each of the<jats:italic>S. erinaceieuropaei<\/jats:italic>spargana were 0\u20131.5% for p<jats:italic>cox<\/jats:italic>3, 0\u20132.8% for p<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>1 and 0\u20132.7% for p<jats:italic>nad<\/jats:italic>4. Phylogenetic analysis using neighbour joining (NJ), maximum likelihood (ML) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods, indicated that all the spargana isolates in Hunan Province represented<jats:italic>S. erinaceieuropaei<\/jats:italic>. These findings demonstrated clearly the usefulness of the three mtDNA sequences for population genetics studies of<jats:italic>S. erinaceieuropaei<\/jats:italic>spargana of human and animal health significance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x1100037x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]],"date-time":"2011-07-20T11:47:02Z","timestamp":1311162422000},"page":"271-275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Sequence variability in three mitochondrial DNA regions of<i>Spirometra erinaceieuropaei<\/i>spargana of human and animal health significance"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.H.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.S.","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.F.","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.L.","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.F.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X1100037X_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2004.08.003"},{"key":"S0022149X1100037X_ref3","unstructured":"Felsenstein J. 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