{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T16:56:10Z","timestamp":1788886570610,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]],"date-time":"2013-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370304000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Fascioliasis is an important food-borne parasitic disease caused by the two trematode species,\n                    <jats:italic>Fasciola hepatica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Fasciola gigantica.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The phenotypic features of fasciolid adults and eggs infecting buffaloes inhabiting the Central Punjab area, Pakistan, have been studied to characterize fasciolid populations involved. Morphometric analyses were made with a computer image analysis system (CIAS) applied on the basis of standardized measurements. Since it is the first study of this kind undertaken in Pakistan, the results are compared to pure fasciolid populations: (a)\n                    <jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>\n                    from the European Mediterranean area; and (b)\n                    <jats:italic>F. gigantica<\/jats:italic>\n                    from Burkina Faso; i.e. geographical areas where both species do not co-exist. Only parasites obtained from bovines were used. The multivariate analysis showed that the characteristics, including egg morphometrics, of fasciolids from Central Punjab, Pakistan, are between\n                    <jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>F. gigantica<\/jats:italic>\n                    standard populations. Similarly, the morphometric measurements of fasciolid eggs from Central Punjab are also between\n                    <jats:italic>F. hepatica<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>F. gigantica<\/jats:italic>\n                    standard populations. These results demonstrate the existence of fasciolid intermediate forms in endemic areas in Pakistan.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x13000369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]],"date-time":"2013-06-04T04:43:58Z","timestamp":1370321038000},"page":"417-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Phenotypes of intermediate forms\n                    <i>of Fasciola hepatica<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>F. gigantica<\/i>\n                    in buffaloes from Central Punjab, Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Afshan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Valero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Qayyum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.V.","family":"Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Magraner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Mas-Coma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.2002.0429"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2008.12.013"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/377281"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref26","first-page":"353","article-title":"Morphological observation on liver fluke detected from naturally infected carabaos in the Philippines","volume":"16","author":"Kimura","year":"1984","journal-title":"The Science Reports of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kobe University"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00008588"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1999.11813491"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref2","first-page":"8\/1","volume-title":"Image-Pro\u00ae Plus, Version 4.5 for WindowsTM, start-up guide","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-1931-x"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1959.11685919"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref32","first-page":"145","article-title":"Human liver flukes: a review","volume":"57","author":"Mas-Coma","year":"1997","journal-title":"Research and Reviews in Parasitology"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref65","first-page":"313","article-title":"Fasciolosis of ruminants in Japan","volume":"58","author":"Watanabe","year":"1962","journal-title":"Bulletin de l'Office International des Epizooties"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-004-1169-6"},{"key":"S0022149X13000369_ref27","first-page":"23","volume-title":"Advances in morphometrics. 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