{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T17:48:26Z","timestamp":1757699306590},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]],"date-time":"2014-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1408492800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by parasitic flatworms of the genus<jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>, whose diagnosis has limitations, such as the low sensitivity and specificity of parasitological and immunological methods, respectively. In the present study an alternative molecular technique requiring previous standardization was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the amplification of a 121-bp highly repetitive sequence for<jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni.<\/jats:italic>DNA was extracted from eggs of<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>by salting out. Different conditions were standardized for the PCR technique, including the concentration of reagents and the DNA template, annealing temperature and number of cycles, followed by the determination of the analytical sensitivity and specificity of the technique. Furthermore, the standardized PCR technique was employed in DNA extracted, using Chelex<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>100, from samples of sera of patients with an immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis. The optimal conditions for the PCR were 2.5\u00a0m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>MgCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, 150\u00a0m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), 0.4\u00a0\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>primers, 0.75\u00a0U DNA polymerase, using 35 cycles and an annealing temperature of 63\u00b0C. The analytical sensitivity of the PCR was 10 attograms of DNA and the specificity was 100%. The DNA sequence was successfully detected in the sera of two patients, demonstrating schistosomiasis transmission, although low, in the community studied. The standardized PCR technique, using smaller amounts of reagents than in the original protocol, is highly sensitive and specific for the detection of DNA from<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>and could be an important tool for diagnosis in areas of low endemicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x14000595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]],"date-time":"2014-08-20T13:50:41Z","timestamp":1408542641000},"page":"769-773","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Polymerase chain reaction for the amplification of the 121-bp repetitive sequence of<i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>: a highly sensitive potential diagnostic tool for areas of low endemicity"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Ferrer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bol\u00edvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Lares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Osorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Amarista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.N.","family":"Incani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.468"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2006.02.012"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2007.04.018"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762009000800021"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.1990.tb00947.x"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762006000900023"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.872"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref3","first-page":"93","article-title":"Geographical and socioeconomic factors relating to the distribution of Schistosoma mansoni infection in an urban area of north-east Brazil","volume":"69","author":"Barreto","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-0276130202"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.12.2.280-286.2005","article-title":"Detection of Schistosoma mansoni membrane antigens by immunoblot analysis of sera of patients from low-transmission areas","volume":"12","author":"Cesari","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762012000700010","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction for the evaluation of Schistosoma mansoni infection in two low endemicity areas of Minas Gerais, Brazil","volume":"107","author":"Costa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref7","first-page":"e38947","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy and applicability of a PCR system for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni DNA in human urine samples from an endemic area","volume":"7","author":"Enk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Public Library of Science"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(91)90222-R"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.066142-0"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.157"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.68.652"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08820138909030608"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref17","volume-title":"Molecular cloning. A laboratory manual","author":"Sambrook","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref19","unstructured":"WHO (2014) Schistosomiasis fact sheet no. 115. Available at website http:\/\/www.who.int\/schistosomiasis\/en\/ (accessed 14 April 2014)."},{"key":"S0022149X14000595_ref20","article-title":"Prospective European-wide multicentre study on a blood based real-time PCR for the diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis","volume":"13","author":"Wichmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMed Central Infectious Diseases"}],"container-title":["Journal of Helminthology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022149X14000595","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,23]],"date-time":"2020-08-23T14:19:52Z","timestamp":1598192392000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022149X14000595\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022149X14000595"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022149x14000595","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-149X","1475-2697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-149X","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2697","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,20]]}}}