{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T23:19:11Z","timestamp":1649114351617},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]],"date-time":"2014-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1410825600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>An <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> study in goats evaluated the effect of superimposing a single artificial infection with a benzimidazole (BZ)-susceptible <jats:italic>Haemonchus contortus<\/jats:italic> isolate upon established <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic> populations of known BZ resistance by measuring the phenotypic BZ resistance of eggs collected from faeces before and after re-infection. Two <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic> isolates, one benzimidazole resistant (BZR) and the other susceptible (BZS), were used to infect worm-free goats. Eight goats were initially infected with 2000 third-stage larvae (L3). In each case the inoculum contained a pre-determined proportion of the two isolates: 100% BZS (one goat), 75% BZS\/25% BZR (two goats), 50% BZS\/50% BZR (two goats), 25%BZS\/75% BZR (two goats) and, finally, 100% BZR (one goat). The phenotypic BZ susceptibility of the <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic> population formed in each goat after the first infection was determined on days 30 and 36 post-infection using an egg-hatch assay (EHA) that estimated the concentration of thiabendazole (TBZ) required for 95% inhibition of larval hatching (EC<jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub>) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). On day 49 post-infection, goats were re-infected with 2000 L3 of the BZS isolate alone. A second set of EHA bioassays was performed 28 days and 34 days after re-infection. The first infection protocol produced three populations classified as BZS (EC<jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub> 0.055\u20130.065\u00a0\u03bcg TBZ\/ml) while four were categorized as BZR (EC<jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub> 0.122\u20130.344\u00a0\u03bcg TBZ\/ml). The status of one other population could not be determined. After re-infection with BZS L3, the number of susceptible populations increased to six (EC<jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub> 0.043\u20130.074\u00a0\u03bcg TBZ\/ml) while the remaining two were deemed resistant (EC<jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub> 0.114\u2013119\u00a0\u03bcg TBZ\/ml). Re-infection with BZS L3 thereby reduced the resistance status of most <jats:italic>H. contortus<\/jats:italic> populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x14000674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]],"date-time":"2014-09-16T10:10:29Z","timestamp":1410862229000},"page":"641-645","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reduction of benzimidazole resistance in established <i>Haemonchus contortus<\/i> populations in goats using a single infection with a benzimidazole-susceptible isolate"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"J.I.","family":"Chan-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.F.J.","family":"Torres-Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.I.","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Vivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.L.","family":"Villegas-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1466-1"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref9","volume-title":"T\u00e9cnicas diagn\u00f3sticas en parasitolog\u00eda veterinaria","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Vivas","year":"2005"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006001697"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000061345"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2006.08.010"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(92)90141-U"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.03.037"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-007-0792-4"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b12614-23"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2008.03.009"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2003.09.001"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(90)90116-S"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(01)00406-X"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.11.008"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000049179"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2005.09.005"},{"key":"S0022149X14000674_ref8","volume-title":"Polo Plus. 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