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Schistosomes can interact with host inflammasomes to elicit host immune responses, leading to mitochondrial damage, generation of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of apoptosis during inflammation. This study aims to examine whether ROS and NF-\u03baB (p65) expression elicited other types of inflammasome activation in<jats:italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>-infected mouse livers. We examine the relationship between inflammasome activation, mitochondrial damage and ROS production in mouse livers infected with<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>. We demonstrate a significant release of ROS and superoxides and increased NF-\u03baB (p65) in<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>-infected mouse livers. Moreover, activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes was triggered by<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>infection. Stimulation of HuH-7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells with soluble egg antigen induced activation of the AIM2 inflammasome pathway. In this study, we demonstrate that<jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic>infection promotes both NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x19000622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]],"date-time":"2019-08-15T08:23:18Z","timestamp":1565857398000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Activation of the NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes in a mouse model of<i>Schistosoma mansoni<\/i>infection"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"T.T.W.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.C.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.C.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.L.","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.C.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.Y.P.","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9781-5529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.Y.","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.040"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07761.x"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2006.01.003"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1010337107"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1864"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.173.1.159"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri843"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.10044"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)90121-X"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200526273"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2015.04.004"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/376594a0"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.11.003"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101011-155745"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084953"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.10.5991-5996.2001"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.12.006"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000598"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1995.1011"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901363"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00086.2013"},{"key":"S0022149X19000622_ref36","unstructured":"WHO (2017) Schistosomiasis. 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