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In this study, we surveyed ectoparasitic nematodes of the subfamily Merliniinae in cultivated and natural environments in Iran. Results of morphological and morphometrical studies, light and scanning electron microscopic observations, and molecular analyses allowed us the identification of fourteen known and one unknown species including representatives of the genera <jats:italic>Amplimerlinius<\/jats:italic> (five species), <jats:italic>Geocenamus<\/jats:italic> (one species), <jats:italic>Merlinius<\/jats:italic> (three species), <jats:italic>Nagelus<\/jats:italic> (two species), <jats:italic>Paramerlinius<\/jats:italic> (one species), <jats:italic>Scutylenchus<\/jats:italic> (two species), and <jats:italic>Telomerlinius<\/jats:italic> (one species). The unknown species, <jats:italic>Scutylenchus<\/jats:italic> sp., characterized by having 35\u201350 incisures at mid-body; lateral field with 6 longitudinal incisures; lip region slightly offset by a constriction, flattened at front end; bearing 5\u20137 annuli; cephalic framework not refractive; stylet robust, 18.3\u201327 \u03bcm long; post anal intestinal sac absent; tail elongate conical, dorsally convex, with 24 (19\u201328) annuli in ventral side, ending to a smooth terminus and males common; spicules 24.5\u201331 \u03bcm long. The phylogenetic analyses were carried out using molecular data from nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) genes <jats:italic>viz.<\/jats:italic> D2\u2013D3 expansion segments of the large ribosomal subunit (28S rRNA), partial small ribosomal subunit (18S rRNA), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The molecular variability of D2\u2013D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA and partial 18S rRNA was low in this family in comparison to the ITS region, which could be a more helpful molecular marker in species and genus identification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x23000640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T12:59:36Z","timestamp":1701349176000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Integrative taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships between representatives of genera within Merliniinae (Nematoda: Merliniidae), with new data on fourteen known and one unknown species"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0472-1513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Hosseinvand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3902-7422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Eskandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Azizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1776-8131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.E.","family":"Palomares-Rius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0256-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9640-236X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Abolafia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7647-1413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Ghaderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Helder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0355-9956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"X.","family":"Qing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X23000640_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z77-247"},{"key":"S0022149X23000640_r115","first-page":"25","article-title":"Structure of the oesophagus in the classification of the superfamily Tylenchoidea (Nematoda)","volume":"1","author":"Siddiqi","year":"1971","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Nematology"},{"key":"S0022149X23000640_r61","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Spiral and stunt nematodes. 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