{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:55:30Z","timestamp":1790776530579,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":301,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>Soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (sICAM-1) has emerged as an inflammatory biomarker of many essential functions. We investigated the level of sICAM-1 influenced by <jats:italic>Clonorchis sinensis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>C. sinensis<\/jats:italic>) co-infection in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients to explore the degree of liver tissue inflammation and liver function damage after co-infection. The study included data from patients with <jats:italic>C. sinensis<\/jats:italic> mono-infection (n=27), hepatitis B virus (HBV) mono-infection (n=32), <jats:italic>C. sinensis<\/jats:italic> and HBV co-infection (n=24), post-hepatitis B liver cirrhosis (n=18), post-hepatitis B liver cirrhosis co-infected with <jats:italic>C. sinensis<\/jats:italic> (n=16), and healthy controls (n=39). The level of sICAM-1 was measured with specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Compared to the healthy control group, all the experimental groups had significantly higher serum sICAM-1 levels. The levels of sICAM-1 in co-infected groups were significantly higher compared to the mono-infection groups and were positively correlated with the levels of glutamate aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Our research findings confirmed that co-infection could exacerbate liver tissue inflammation and liver function damage in patients, could raise the sICAM-1 level, and may lead to the chronicity of HBV infection. These results provide clues for pathological mechanism study and formulating treatment plans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x24000427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T08:33:00Z","timestamp":1730104380000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The expression of sICAM-1 influenced by <i>Clonorchis sinensis<\/i> co-infection in CHB 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