{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T17:16:59Z","timestamp":1784135819625,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":191,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:p>Microbiomes are communities of microorganisms that form close associations with metazoan hosts and have important roles in host biological processes. With the advent of Next Generation Sequencing, the microbiomes of myriad animals and plants have been described. However, the microbiomes of parasites have received little attention, which is surprising considering their ecological and medical importance. This study characterizes, for the first time, the microbiome of <jats:italic>Dujardinascaris helicina<\/jats:italic>, a gastrointestinal nematode parasite of the American crocodile. <jats:italic>Dujardinascaris helicina<\/jats:italic> were isolated from crocodiles residing in two geographically separated habitats across Belize. Using 16S sequencing, we compare \u03b2-diversity between sampling locations using generalized linear mixed modeling. Our results show that <jats:italic>D. helicina<\/jats:italic> microbiomes differ in composition depending on location. We also show that <jats:italic>D. helicina<\/jats:italic> microbiomes show strong shifts toward consolidation of specific taxa when proximity to human modified environments increases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x25100369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T11:59:51Z","timestamp":1752235191000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Characterizing the microbiome of <i>Dujardinascaris helicina<\/i> (Nematoda: Ascarididae) isolated from wild American crocodiles in Belize"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0380-4023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Singletary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Tellez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42523-021-00109-0"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0192164"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115796"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-021-01774-z"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r23","first-page":"400","article-title":"Application and evaluation of a stomach flushing technique for alligators","volume":"36","author":"Rice","year":"2005","journal-title":"Herpetological Review"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11234"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156854101750413270"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2001.008"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics13020142"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00050-17"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008028"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-023-08086-w"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-43875-3"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1521835113"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X23000056"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.763022"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r15","first-page":"1","article-title":"Human microbiome acquisition and transmission","volume":"21","author":"Heidrich","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Microbiology"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiad096"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3311790.3396664"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-022-01256-5"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061217"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00954"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r27","first-page":"51000","article-title":"Helminth collection and identification from wildlife","volume":"14","author":"Sepulveda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-019-01412-9"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r20","first-page":"331","article-title":"Trenta specie di Nematoidi. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch","volume":"40","author":"Molin","year":"1860","journal-title":"Naturwissenschaftli-che Classe"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mve.12672"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4517"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05533-y"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-023-03747-0"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mbo3.1364"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000080107"},{"key":"S0022149X25100369_r31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aap7399"}],"container-title":["Journal of Helminthology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022149X25100369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T11:59:52Z","timestamp":1752235192000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022149X25100369\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S0022149X25100369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022149x25100369","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-149X","1475-2697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-149X","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2697","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"article-number":"e73"}}