{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T11:07:09Z","timestamp":1783940829346,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":193,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014446","name":"Tula Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Helminthol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The trematode\n                    <jats:italic>Maritrema gratiosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    Nicoll, 1907 has a heteroxenous life cycle comprising a marine gastropod as its first intermediate host, a barnacle as its second intermediate host, and a bird as its definitive host. Globally, the species is widely distributed from subtropical waters of the South China Sea to arctic waters of the Barents Sea. In European waters (namely, western Europe and the Barents Sea), the complete life cycle of\n                    <jats:italic>M. gratiosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    is known. Elsewhere in its range, however, its life cycle remains incompletely understood. Clarifying its distribution and resolving unknown host associations are essential for advancing a more holistic view of host\u2013parasite dynamics and their ecological role in intertidal ecosystems. In this study,\n                    <jats:italic>M. gratiosum<\/jats:italic>\n                    was detected using DNA-based assays in individuals of the barnacle\n                    <jats:italic>Balanus glandula<\/jats:italic>\n                    Darwin, 1854 that were collected from the rocky intertidal zone along the southern coast of British Columbia, Canada. This finding provides the first molecular evidence of this trematode species in the Pacific, complementing earlier records. The same molecular approach can be extended to identify region-specific hosts, such as the first intermediate (molluscan) host in the Pacific region, which remains unidentified.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022149x26101771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T10:36:23Z","timestamp":1783938983000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic evidence for the microphallid trematode\n                    <i>Maritrema gratiosum<\/i>\n                    in the Northeast Pacific and an overview of its global distribution"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1678-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin C. K.","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"Hakai Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5963-3713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin D.","family":"MacLeod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of Victoria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8218-540X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carly","family":"Janusson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hakai Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7459-8366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiou-An","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7051-0020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew A.","family":"Lemay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hakai Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0595-9950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyssa-Lois M.","family":"Gehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"Hakai Institute"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4099-943X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher D. G.","family":"Harley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"},{"name":"Hakai Institute"},{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r54","first-page":"256","volume-title":"Key to Identification of Trematodes of Piscivorous Birds of the Palaearctic (Brachylaimida, Clinostomida, Cyclocoelida, Fasciolida, Notocotylida, Plagiorchida, Schistosomatida)","author":"Sonin","year":"1985"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-3546.1"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2420321"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00700587"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1960353221"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r17","first-page":"701","article-title":"Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des Microphallidae Travassos, 1920 (Trematoda). XXVI. De quelques esp\u00e8ces d\u2019Alaska","volume":"47","author":"Deblock","year":"1972","journal-title":"Annales de Parasitologie"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fee.2317"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0025315400042016"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r21","first-page":"65","article-title":"Some digenetic trematodes of birds from Taiwan","volume":"43","author":"Fischthal","year":"1976","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r13","unstructured":"Chuang, YC (2021) A faunistic study of parasites of the barnacle Semibalanus balanoides (Linnaeus, 1767) with a focus on the biology of Maritrema gratiosum (Nicoll, 1907) (Digenea, Microphallidae). PhD thesis, University of Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom, pp. 460."},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r15","first-page":"644","volume-title":"The Trematoda. With Special Reference to British and Other European Forms","author":"Dawes","year":"1968"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182012000583"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r48","first-page":"303","article-title":"A description of Cercaria littorinae saxatilis V sp. nov. (Digenea: Microphallidae) from Littorina saxatilis subsp. rudis (Maton) in Cardigan Bay, Wales","volume":"24","author":"Popiel","year":"1976b","journal-title":"Norwegian Journal of Zoology"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r47","first-page":"411","article-title":"A description of the metacercaria of Maritrema arenaria Hadley and Castle, 1940 (Digenea: Microphallidae) from Balanus balanoides (L.), in Britain","volume":"17","author":"Popiel","year":"1976a","journal-title":"Cahiers de Biologie Marine"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/JOH2005309"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0025315499002015"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r31","first-page":"361","article-title":"Studies on microphallid trematodes from China. I. New species and new records of Maritrema","volume":"22","author":"Ke","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Zoologica Sinica"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r27","first-page":"26","article-title":"Incidence of trematode parasites in two populations of Littorina saxatilis (Olivi) from the north shore of Belfast Lough","volume":"21","author":"Irwin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Irish Naturalists\u2019 Journal"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182002001476"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r8","first-page":"83","article-title":"The gastrointestinal helminth fauna of the eider duck (Somateria mollissima L.) in the Netherlands","volume":"42","author":"Borgsteede","year":"2005","journal-title":"Helminthologia"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r5","first-page":"34","article-title":"Tr\u00e8matodes de Tunisie (3). Superfamille Heterophyoidea","volume":"29","author":"Balozet","year":"1939","journal-title":"Archives de l\u2019Institute Pasteur de Tunis"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(93)90199-8"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r25","first-page":"25","article-title":"The application of sequences of the ribosomal cistron to the systematics of the florideophyte red algae (Florideophyceae, Rhodophyta)","volume":"42","author":"Harper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cahiers de Biologie Marine"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r30","first-page":"281","article-title":"The parasitic fauna in the digestive tracts of three herring-gulls, Larus argentatus, taken from Strangford Lough","volume":"18","author":"Irwin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Irish Naturalists\u2019 Journal"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2023.02.004"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/dao037221"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3280335"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022149X00012062"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r12","first-page":"57","article-title":"Lists of larval worms from marine invertebrates of the Pacific coast of North America","volume":"58","author":"Ching","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of the Helminthological Society of Washington"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r16","first-page":"204","article-title":"Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des Microphallidae Travassos, 1920 (Trematoda). XLIII. \u2013 De six esp\u00e8ces d\u2019Afrique du Sud dont une d\u2019un genre nouveau","volume":"67","author":"Deblock","year":"1992","journal-title":"Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Compar\u00e9e"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/z78-254"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-024-08446-0"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00147-8"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1062359021080173"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222933908527013"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2002)088[0910:LHALCP]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r1","first-page":"51","article-title":"Cestodes and trematodes from the New Zealand pied oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus finchsii Martens, and the New Zealand variable oystercatcher Haematopus unicolor Forster","volume":"14","author":"Allison","year":"2000","journal-title":"Records of Canterbury Museum"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r36","first-page":"28","article-title":"Trematodes of the Northumberland coast, no. II","volume":"3","author":"Lebour","year":"1908","journal-title":"Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. New Series"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1960354672"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2007.09.001"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0025315400030472"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00930747"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r2","first-page":"9","article-title":"Records of trematodes and cestodes of the bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica baueri Naumann from New Zealand","volume":"15","author":"Allison","year":"2001","journal-title":"Records of Canterbury Museum"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r38","first-page":"302","article-title":"An annotated check-list of trematodes and cestodes and their vertebrate hosts from northwest Florida","volume":"23","author":"Loftin","year":"1960","journal-title":"Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r19","first-page":"23","article-title":"Contribution \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude des Microphallidae Travassos, 1920 (Trematoda). XII. Esp\u00e8ces d\u2019Europe occidentale. Cr\u00e9ation de Sphairiotrema nov. gen.; Consid\u00e9rations diverses de syst\u00e9matique","volume":"41","author":"Deblock","year":"1966","journal-title":"Annales de Parasitologie"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-3809-9"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S1062359022090175"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00925722"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222930709487332"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1537782"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025546001611"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00222939000770591"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r4","first-page":"95","article-title":"Studies on the biology of barnacles: Parasites of Balanus eburneus and B. balanoides from New York Harbour and a review of the parasites and diseases of other Cirripedia","volume":"54","author":"Arvy","year":"1969","journal-title":"Zoologica: Scientific Contributions of the New York Zoological Society"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12816\/0050432"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S001249661502012X"},{"key":"S0022149X26101771_r37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200000278X"}],"container-title":["Journal of Helminthology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022149X26101771","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T10:36:27Z","timestamp":1783938987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022149X26101771\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0022149X26101771"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022149x26101771","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-149X","1475-2697"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-149X","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2697","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"e79"}}