{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T17:04:45Z","timestamp":1761843885091},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1242345600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":17788,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Hyg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1960,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A dose of 5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup><jats:italic>S. typhi<\/jats:italic> (strain Ty<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and <jats:italic>S. paratyphi B<\/jats:italic> (strain HB<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) administered to white mice orally, caused an infection of various organs of the mouse, namely: spleen, liver, kidneys, lungs, gall-bladder, mesenteric lymph nodes, jejunum and of the blood stream. The percentage of infected spleens was higher than that of other organs.<\/jats:p><jats:p>With the above-mentioned dose of Ty<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, the infection of the liver was found to be five times higher than that of the gall-bladder. The infection of the latter lasted for about 8\u20139 days, whereas that of the liver for 18\u201319 days.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The bacteria appeared in the various organs: liver, spleen, kidneys, and lungs in about 2 min. after oral infection, and in the blood stream after about 20 sec.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The speed and intensity of the invasion of micro-organisms from the gastrointestinal tract to the blood stream depends neither upon the volume of the dose (0\u00b75 ml. or 0\u00b71 ml.), nor upon the content of the mouse's stomach.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The M.I.D. for the blood stream of the mouse by oral infection is about 5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> bacteria for Ty<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, HB<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> and AH<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In blood samples collected by cardiac puncture 2\u20133 min. after oral infection, an average of 5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> micro-organisms\/ml. blood was found. The count of bacteria increased and reached its peak after 20 min. (about 3 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> bacteria). After that period, the number decreased: 1\u00b76 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> after 1 hr., 8 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> after 2 hr. and 1\u00b77 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> after 3 hr. In spite of this considerable decrease, the blood did not became sterile until after several days.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In the infected spleen (by oral infection) an inverse process was observed: at the beginning only a small number of micro-organisms was found (about 5 \u00d7 10\/100 mg. spleen), but afterwards the number of bacteria increased (1\u00b72 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> after 24 hr. and 5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> after 4 days).<\/jats:p><jats:p>In mice infected by the subcutaneous route with a dose of 5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup> bacteria, the number of micro-organisms in the blood stream did not differ significantly from that found after oral infection, whereas infection by intraperitoneal route caused a severe infection. When 5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup> micro-organisms (LD<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>) were administered by intraperitoneal route, 10<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup> bacteria appeared in the blood stream of the moribund mice while in the spleen about 4\u00b71 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup> were found.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The author wishes to express his appreciation to Prof. I. Gurewitch and to Dr R. Rozansky from the Department of Clinical Microbiology, the Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, for their advice and criticism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022172400038420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]],"date-time":"2009-05-15T09:00:35Z","timestamp":1242378035000},"page":"307-319","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The dissemination of <i>Salmonella typhi, S. paratyphi A<\/i> and <i>S. paratyphi B<\/i> through the organs of the white mouse by oral infection"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"C. B.","family":"Gerichter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022172400038420_ref008","first-page":"117","volume":"101","author":"Seiffert","year":"1928","journal-title":"Arch. 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ImmunForsch."},{"key":"S0022172400038420_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02177093"}],"container-title":["Journal of Hygiene"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022172400038420","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,5]],"date-time":"2019-06-05T19:26:26Z","timestamp":1559762786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022172400038420\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1960,9]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1960,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022172400038420"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022172400038420","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1724","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1960,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Cambridge University Press 1960","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}