{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:31:07Z","timestamp":1790872267400,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]],"date-time":"2006-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146700800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To evaluate expressive vocabulary growth in hearing-impaired preschool children wearing hearing aids.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Design: Prospective analysis of the outcomes of children included in the 1994 German \u2018Goettinger Hoer-Sprachregister\u2019 (GHR) series, using a repeated-measures paradigm in six- to nine-month intervals (t1\u2013t3).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Subjects: Twenty-seven children (aged 2.0\u20134.4 years) with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (with averages at frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4\u00a0kHz of &gt;20 to &gt;90\u00a0dB in the better ear) from the 1994 GHR series. The children were diagnosed at a mean age of 31.4 months (standard deviation (SD) 10.6 months) and fitted with a binaural hearing aid at a mean age of 32.3 months (SD 10.5 months). Nonverbal intelligence was average (five missing data entries). Standardized, age-appropriate picture naming tests (the \u2018Sprachentwicklungstest f\u00fcr 2-j\u00e4hrige Kinder\u2019, the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children subtest vocabulary, and the \u2018Aktiver Wortschatztest f\u00fcr drei- bis sechsj\u00e4hrige Kinder\u2019) were carried out at three time points and results compared with data from children with normal hearing. The test raw scores were converted to T scores (mean\u00a0=\u00a050; SD\u00a0=\u00a010).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results: On average, the children scored far below the normative population at t1 (mean\u00a0=\u00a028.9; SD\u00a0=\u00a011.3) and slowly improved as they got older (at t3, mean\u00a0=\u00a034.1; SD\u00a0=\u00a016.1; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.010). Children with mild or moderate hearing loss improved most notably (mean difference t1\u2013t3; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001), except for one child of deaf parents. Two of the five mildly hearing-impaired children and two of the eleven moderately hearing-impaired children caught up with their normal hearing peers with regards to expressive vocabulary. Such expressive vocabulary achievements were not seen in any children with &gt;70\u00a0dB hearing loss or in six of the eleven children (55 per cent) with a 40\u201370\u00a0dB hearing loss, despite receiving adequate personal amplification.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusion: Testing expressive vocabulary size is a useful clinical tool in assessing linguistic lexical outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215106001319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]],"date-time":"2006-05-04T05:59:39Z","timestamp":1146722379000},"page":"619-626","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Assessment of expressive vocabulary outcomes in hearing-impaired children with hearing aids: do bilaterally hearing-impaired children catch up?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Kiese-Himmel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Reeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215106001319","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T16:41:43Z","timestamp":1554828103000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215106001319\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215106001319"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215106001319","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,4]]}}}