{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:39:07Z","timestamp":1790908747934,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]],"date-time":"2008-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1207872000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215108002193_sec1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the pathophysiology of biofilm communities and their role in otorhinolaryngological disease, with reference to the published literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215108002193_sec2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Review of relevant literature, using Medline and the combined search terms \u2018biofilms\u2019 and \u2018otorhinolaryngology\u2019, and also various related keywords such as \u2018tonsil\u2019 and \u2018adenoid\u2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215108002193_sec3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Description of biofilm pathophysiology and of published reports of biofilms in otorhinolaryngological disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215108002193_sec4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Virtually all microbes live in biofilm communities. Within these communities, the microbes assume differing specialised roles which confer survival advantages on the community. These communities cause chronic and device-associated infections. Within the specialist field of otorhinolaryngology, biofilms have been shown to play a role in many infections, including: chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, chronic tonsillitis, chronic sinusitis, and infections of tracheostomies, endotracheal tubes and cochlear implants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215108002193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]],"date-time":"2008-04-11T12:57:41Z","timestamp":1207918661000},"page":"1273-1278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Biofilms and their role in otorhinolaryngological disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"E","family":"Macassey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Dawes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.131.11.983"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000172036.82897.d4"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref53","first-page":"8","article-title":"Chronic suppurative otitis media: a clinical overview","volume":"81","author":"Roland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.2.202"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.133.2.110"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130108000910","article-title":"Use of adenoidectomy and adenotonsillectomy in children with otitis media with effusion","volume":"80","author":"Abdul-Baqi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.129.6.634"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.133.2.115"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000191560.53555.08"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894061150S906"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.11.011"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08927010310001612054"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.6.1979-1983.2003"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489609137724"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200411000-00015"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.10.1129"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200112000-00001"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.125.12.1329"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2005.07.004"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.13.1710"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.57.030502.090720"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000221954.05467.54"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.2.167-193.2002"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2003.11.016"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00020840-200006000-00006"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/416740a"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000124936.46948.6a"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000169047.38759.8b"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949710600413"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940211100302"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcibr021776"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2000.107458"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2006.05.002"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.2_suppl.62S"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.10.017"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.2.155-166.2002"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0178-86"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3184\/003685001783238998"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-5274(00)00187-9"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01691-06"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894061150S906"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.6.1771-1776.1999","article-title":"The Calgary Biofilm Device: new technology for rapid determination of antibiotic susceptibilities of bacterial biofilms","volume":"37","author":"Ceri","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05321-1"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.14.4427-4440.2004"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/22.5.667"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.9.1824"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(02)00706-6"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022952712257"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.10.052"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.125.2.167"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2000.tb00565.x"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2001.113941"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/hn.1999.v120.a94162"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref33","first-page":"444","article-title":"Resistance to biofilm formation on otologic implant materials","volume":"118","author":"Biedlingmaier","year":"1998","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.02.011"},{"key":"S0022215108002193_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200105000-00010"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215108002193","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T03:07:59Z","timestamp":1588561679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215108002193\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215108002193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215108002193","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]]}}}