{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:36:49Z","timestamp":1790293009195,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,19]],"date-time":"2009-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1258588800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215109991605_sec1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the utility of three-dimensional reconstructions of paranasal sinus computed tomography data in depicting the anatomy of the frontal sinus drainage pathway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215109991605_sec2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-nine patients underwent imaging of the sinuses for various clinical indications. Variations in frontal sinus recess anatomy were determined from 0.75-mm thick coronal, axial and sagittal computed tomography images. Three-dimensional, reformatted images were generated from manually segmented volumes of interest. Observations were made on the variation and usefulness of these reconstructions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215109991605_sec3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three-dimensional, reformatted images of segmented volumes aided delineation of the spatial relationships of the frontal sinus, frontal sinus drainage pathway, infundibular and meatal direction of drainage, agger nasi cells, ethmoid bulla cells, supraorbital cells, and suprabullar cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215109991605_sec4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three-dimensional, reformatted images of frontonasal anatomy enable improved understanding of the frontal sinus drainage pathway anatomy and of the spatial relationships between ethmoid air cells in this region. Such images may provide a useful adjunct to surgical planning and education.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215109991605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,27]],"date-time":"2009-11-27T14:22:53Z","timestamp":1259331773000},"page":"291-296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Three-dimensional reconstruction based on computed tomography images of the frontal sinus drainage pathway"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"S D","family":"Reitzen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E Y","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S R","family":"Butros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Babb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R A","family":"Lebowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J B","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215054797862"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240501900208","article-title":"Utility of sagittal reformatted computerized tomographic images in the evaluation of frontal sinus outflow tract","volume":"19","author":"Kanowitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref13","first-page":"82","article-title":"Surgery of the frontal recess and frontal sinus","volume":"43","author":"Wormald","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(03)01581-X"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348944605500203"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/105065800781602948"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref10","volume-title":"Nasal Sinuses: an Anatomic and Clinical Consideration","author":"van Alyea","year":"1951"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1941.00660040021003"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.04.012"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240501900209","article-title":"Association of radiological evidence of frontal sinus disease with the presence of frontal pain","volume":"19","author":"DelGaudio","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199101000-00010"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref11","volume-title":"Development and Anatomy of the Nasal Accessory Sinuses in Man","author":"Davis","year":"1914"},{"key":"S0022215109991605_ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary health statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 1998. 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