{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:27:08Z","timestamp":1771000028716,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,20]],"date-time":"2010-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1274313600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001052_sec1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The frontal sinus outflow tract consists anatomically of narrow channels prone to stenosis. Following both endonasal and external approach surgery, up to 30 per cent of patients suffer post-operative re-stenosis of the frontal sinus outflow tract, with recurrent frontal sinus disease. This paper proposes the surgical placement of a long-term frontal sinus stent to maintain fronto-nasal patency, as an alternative to more aggressive surgical procedures such as frontal sinus obliteration and modified Lothrop procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001052_sec2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present a series of three patients with frontal sinus disease and significant co-morbidity, the latter making extensive surgery a significant health risk. We also review the relevant literature and discuss the use of long-term frontal sinus stenting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001052_sec3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>These three cases were successfully treated with long-term frontal sinus stenting. Stents remained in situ for a period ranging from 48 to over 60 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001052_sec4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to the relatively high failure rates for both endonasal and external frontal sinus surgery, with a high post-operative incidence of frontal sinus outflow tract re-stenosis, long-term stenting is a useful option in carefully selected patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215110001052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,20]],"date-time":"2010-05-20T09:23:31Z","timestamp":1274347411000},"page":"1216-1222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Long-term stenting for chronic frontal sinus disease: case series and literature 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