{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:04:38Z","timestamp":1760983478991},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,18]],"date-time":"2010-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1276819200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001404_sec1\"><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) To identify newly diagnosed cases of methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> ear infection in our local population; (2) to determine the risk factors involved in these patients' clinical courses, and (3) to type the bacterial strains isolated and thus identify whether they were hospital- or community-acquired.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001404_sec2\"><jats:title>Design and setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective review of case notes, together with laboratory-based molecular studies in the departments of otolaryngology and medical microbiology in a university teaching hospital in Scotland, UK.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001404_sec3\"><jats:title>Subjects:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over a two-year period, 35 patients were identified with ear swabs positive for methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> infection. These cases came from both hospital and community settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001404_sec4\"><jats:title>Main outcome measures:<\/jats:title><jats:p>(1) Identification of primary methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> otorrhoea in patients with no previously documented colonisation; and (2) molecular typing of the strains isolated, using spa technology, to identify whether they were hospital- or community-acquired.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001404_sec5\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 35 positive patients, 27 were previously known carriers of methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>. The eight patients with newly diagnosed methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> otorrhoea presented initially in the community. All of these patients had had contact with hospital staff (as in-patients or out-patients) in the weeks preceding development of their ear infection. Using the spa technique for molecular typing, we identified hospital-acquired (\u2018epidemic\u2019) methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> type 15 in all eight patients' isolates. All were sensitive to topical gentamicin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215110001404_sec6\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In our cohort, hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> type 15 was the commonest cause of methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> otorrhoea, despite the fact that these patients all first presented in the community. We believe that contact with hospital staff or health care workers is a risk factor for acquiring methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> otorrhoea in the community.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215110001404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,18]],"date-time":"2010-06-18T12:33:42Z","timestamp":1276864422000},"page":"1247-1250","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular and epidemiological analysis of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> otorrhoea: hospital- or community-acquired?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"124","author":[{"given":"R G","family":"Nassif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D H","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Kara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S S M","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01586186"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181977b6e"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0036554021000028076"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215105003440"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.7.3095-3100.2005"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.131.9.782"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhin.2000.0878"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/24.Supplement_1.S74"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002221502760237957"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200101043440102"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01573.x"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref20","first-page":"2069","volume-title":"Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases","author":"Mandell","year":"2000"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07877-7"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2004.11.002"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn096"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2008.23.5.762"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.2.792-799.2004"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5442-5448.2003"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480601126978"},{"key":"S0022215110001404_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.131.10.868"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215110001404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,27]],"date-time":"2019-04-27T20:45:33Z","timestamp":1556397933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215110001404\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,18]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215110001404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215110001404","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,18]]}}}