{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T08:18:57Z","timestamp":1773562737890,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]],"date-time":"2011-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1313712000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215111002143_sec1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate microbiological biofilm contamination of retrieved bone-anchored hearing aids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215111002143_sec2\"><jats:title>Materials and methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine failed, retrieved bone-anchored hearing aids and 16 internal screws were examined by scanning electron microscopy. A fixture from a failing implant, which had been removed and disassembled under aseptic conditions, was cultured. Finally, an internal screw from a new, unimplanted fixture was examined by scanning electron microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215111002143_sec3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Debris was seen on the fixture and abutment of all bone-anchored hearing aids, and on the heads of the 16 internal screws. On eight screws, biofilm extended down the shaft to the threads, where it was several micrometres thick. Culture of a failing fixture yielded staphylococcus. The new, unimplanted fixture internal screw showed evidence of scratching and metallic debris on the threads, which may interfere with close fitting of the screw and subsequently facilitate microleakage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215111002143_sec4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>There may be a link between internal microbial contamination and failure of bone-anchored hearing aids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215111002143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]],"date-time":"2011-08-19T12:44:51Z","timestamp":1313757891000},"page":"1125-1130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Biofilm formation on bone-anchored hearing aids"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"125","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Monksfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I L C","family":"Chapple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J B","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M M","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Addison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A P","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D W","family":"Proops","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R L","family":"Sammons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref6","first-page":"565","article-title":"Selected microbial findings in association with percutaneous titanium implants","volume":"5","author":"Holgers","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1838"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31802c74c4"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200105000-00010"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2010.03.002"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1994.050407.x"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181e3d740"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215108002193"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181dbb37e","article-title":"Bilateral bone-anchored hearing aid application in children: the Nijmegen experience from 1996\u20132008","volume":"31","author":"Dun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138161210791792868"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1993.040307.x"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.1.4.667"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-010-1293-0"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3184\/003685001783238998"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215106001277"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(99)00033-2"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181cddb78"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0b013e3282b97327"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2010.09.007"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2007.07.026"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.30856"},{"key":"S0022215111002143_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14992020903264462"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; 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