{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,4]],"date-time":"2024-02-04T14:46:43Z","timestamp":1707058003238},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,12]],"date-time":"2012-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342051200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215112001454_sec1\"><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine anatomical variations in the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in relation to the inferior constrictor muscle, and to propose a rational approach for the preservation of the nerve in thyroid surgery based on anatomical principles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215112001454_sec2\"><jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cadaveric dissection study of the anatomy of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in relation to the inferior constrictor muscle was conducted. Twenty-nine formalin-fixed cadavers of both sexes (age 50\u201370 years), with normal necks, were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215112001454_sec3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In relation to the Friedman classification, three anatomical variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve were found. Type 1 variation was found in 57.1 per cent of cases, type 2 in 26.8 per cent and type 3 in 16 per cent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215112001454_sec4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of type 3 variation of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve suggests that the nerve will not be encountered in a certain percentage of individuals as it lies under the cover of the inferior constrictor. Therefore, there is no justification for attempting to identify the nerve in all cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215112001454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,12]],"date-time":"2012-07-12T10:33:08Z","timestamp":1342089188000},"page":"907-912","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Anatomical variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve in relation to the inferior constrictor muscle: cadaveric dissection study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"U","family":"Patnaik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Nilakantan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Shrivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01655439"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800830831"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(56)91800-1"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b15118-187"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref2","first-page":"435","volume-title":"Gray's Anatomy","author":"Borley","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(05)80723-8"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref15","first-page":"610","article-title":"The SLN in thyroidectomy","volume":"53","author":"Lekacos","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(00)00308-1"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref19","first-page":"1015","article-title":"The superior laryngeal nerve in thyroid surgery","volume":"107","author":"Lennquist","year":"1987","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.3.296"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-0709(95)90058-6"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.124.3.301"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-195112000-00011"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949810701204"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6456.1412"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947708600611"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.2880170108"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1962.00740050368013"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(97)70133-5","article-title":"Phonatory characteristics of patients undergoing thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury","volume":"117","author":"Hong","year":"1997","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"S0022215112001454_ref20","first-page":"395","volume-title":"Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology","author":"Shah","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215112001454","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T23:36:01Z","timestamp":1556148961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215112001454\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,12]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215112001454"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215112001454","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,12]]}}}