{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T20:40:50Z","timestamp":1648759250331},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]],"date-time":"2012-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342569600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sir Morell Mackenzie (1837\u20131892), the pre-eminent early laryngologist in the UK, is nowadays perhaps better remembered for his role in the management of the Crown Prince of Germany in 1887, than for his major contribution to the development of laryngology as a specialty. In this article we focus upon his text <jats:italic>The Pharmacopoeia of the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat<\/jats:italic> (fourth edition), and attempt a comparison of Victorian ENT treatments with today's management of ENT diseases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Treatments:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some of these Victorian treatments bear a resemblance to modern day practices. Others have not withstood the test of time, in particular: silver nitrate sticks for syphilitic ulcers of the larynx (not epistaxis); nebulised sulphuric acid, which was used as a stimulant; nasal bougies, including scotch pine and lead acetate; chloroform vapour for the treatment of hay fever; \u2018London paste\u2019, a non-surgical treatment for the reduction of the tonsils, (which was perhaps the Victorian equivalent of coblation); and zinc chloride darts, which were plunged into intractable goitres.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Some of these remedies bear no resemblance to today's evidence-based practices, while other treatments (such as silver nitrate) are still in common use. In Victorian times, however, Mackenzie's books were widely read throughout Europe and were the standard references for a specialty in its infancy. The Pharmacopoeia was published in 1872, and major advances in medicine have been made since then. We have no way of knowing which treatments in today's <jats:italic>British National Formulary<\/jats:italic> will still be in use in 140 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215112001612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]],"date-time":"2012-07-18T06:10:28Z","timestamp":1342591828000},"page":"1159-1163","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Vapours, gargles, darts and bougies: Victorian ENT treatments"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref21","first-page":"33","volume-title":"Diseases of the Nose and Throat","author":"Thomson St","year":"1949"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref20","volume-title":"Sir Morell Mackenzie; Physician and Operator: a Memoir Compiled and Edited from Private Papers and Personal Reminisces","author":"Haweis","year":"1893"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref15","first-page":"20","article-title":"Enlarged and diseased tonsils of cryptic type destroyed by applications of escharotic paste","volume":"34","author":"Moore","year":"1919","journal-title":"J Laryngol Rhinol Otol"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref13","volume-title":"An Essay on the Use of Silver Nitrate in the Cure of Inflammation, Wounds and Ulcers","author":"Higginbottom","year":"1829"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref11","volume-title":"The Pharmacopoeia of the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat","author":"Mackenzie","year":"1870"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref6","volume-title":"The Pharmacopoeia of the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat","author":"Mackenzie","year":"1870"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref12","article-title":"Obituary: John Higginbottom (FRS FRCS Eng)","volume":"1","year":"1876","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1755146300161785"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.2203.660"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref8","article-title":"Well marked case of an anaemic exophthalmic goiter treated by seton through the goiter and digitalis","volume":"2","author":"MacNaughton-Jones","year":"1874","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref5","article-title":"The treatment of hay fever","volume":"1","year":"1903","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref4","first-page":"67","volume-title":"The Pharmacopoeia of the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat","author":"Mackenzie","year":"1870"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM190301151480304"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref10","article-title":"Section B surgery: the treatment of certain forms of bronchocele by injections of iodide","volume":"1","author":"Mackenzie","year":"1873","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref14","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Disinfection, Sterilization and Preservation","author":"Block","year":"2001"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref16","first-page":"243","article-title":"The treatment of enlarged or diseased tonsils where surgical treatments are contraindicated","volume":"12","author":"Moore","year":"1919","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref18","volume-title":"Pharmaceutical Compounding and Dispensing","author":"Marriot","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref17","volume-title":"The National Prospective Tonsillectomy Audit: Final Report of an Audit Carried out in England and Northern Ireland Between 2003 and 2004","author":"Brown","year":"2005"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref19","first-page":"1","article-title":"European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps","volume":"20","author":"Fokkens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref1","volume-title":"The Pharmacopoeia of the Hospital for Diseases of the Throat","author":"Mackenzie","year":"1870"},{"key":"S0022215112001612_ref2","first-page":"612","volume-title":"Oxford Dictionary of National Biography","volume":"35","author":"Weir","year":"2004"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215112001612","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T17:58:19Z","timestamp":1556128699000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215112001612\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215112001612"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215112001612","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,18]]}}}