{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T23:33:28Z","timestamp":1785454408733,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,2]],"date-time":"2013-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385942400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215113003149_sec1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The tensor tympani muscle is the largest muscle within the middle ear. Its voluntary contraction is a very unusual event. Only a few papers have documented its audiometric effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215113003149_sec2\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To report an unusual case of voluntary tensor tympani muscle contraction and describe its audiometric effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215113003149_sec3\"><jats:title>Case report:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 27-year-old man, who presented complaining of voluntarily evoked bilateral tinnitus, was found to be able to voluntarily contract the tensor tympani muscle in both ears simultaneously. Audiograms were performed under conditions of rest and maximal contraction of the tensor tympani muscle. The most remarkable effects were conductive hearing loss at lower frequencies and an increase in middle-ear impedance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215113003149_sec4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The importance of the tensor tympani muscle in middle-ear physiology remains unclear. It has been related to the attenuation of sounds produced during the mastication process. Voluntary control over the tensor tympani muscle is an extremely rare event. However, an understanding of the potential audiometric effects of its contraction could aid the diagnosis of hearing disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215113003149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,2]],"date-time":"2013-12-02T09:41:44Z","timestamp":1385977304000},"page":"1235-1237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Voluntary contraction of the tensor tympani muscle and its audiometric effects"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"R D","family":"Angeli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Lise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C C","family":"Tabajara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T B","family":"Maffacioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref14","article-title":"Tensor tympani muscle: strange chewing muscle","volume":"12","author":"Ram\u00edrez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215001905120"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488309130950"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref10","volume-title":"A Text-book of the Diseases of the Ear for Students and Practitioners","author":"Politzer","year":"1909"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Middle ear muscle reflexes in man. A clinical and experimental study with special reference to diagnostic problems in hearing impairment","volume":"164","author":"Klockhoff","year":"1961","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486009124480"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486409134578"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref4","volume-title":"Hearing: An Introduction to Psychological and Physiological Acoustics","author":"Gelfand","year":"2010"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23711"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486709123624"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref2","first-page":"30","article-title":"Objective tinnitus and the tensor tympani muscle","volume":"1","author":"Rock","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int Tinnitus J"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1943.00670040383010"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2003.6"},{"key":"S0022215113003149_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487809121474"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215113003149","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T02:21:04Z","timestamp":1555986064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215113003149\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215113003149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215113003149","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]}}}