{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:51:38Z","timestamp":1776919898803,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398902400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215114000723_sec1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to determine the effect of radiofrequency radiation generated by 900 and 1800\u00a0MHz Global System for Mobile Communications sources on cochlear development in the rat model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215114000723_sec2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight pregnant albino Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control, 900\u00a0MHz and 1800\u00a0MHz. The latter two groups of pregnant rats were exposed to radiofrequency radiation for 1 hour per day starting on the 12th day of pregnancy until delivery. The rats in the control, 900\u00a0MHz and 1800\u00a0MHz groups gave birth to 24, 31 and 26 newborn rats respectively. Newborn rats in the 900\u00a0MHz and 1800\u00a0MHz groups were exposed to radiofrequency radiation for 1 hour per day for 21 days after delivery. Hearing evaluations of newborn rats were carried out using distortion product otoacoustic emissions testing. Eight newborn rats were randomly selected from each group for electron microscopic evaluation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215114000723_sec3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Distortion product otoacoustic emission tests revealed no significant difference among the groups, but electron microscopic evaluation revealed significant differences among the groups with regard to the number of normal, apoptotic and necrotic cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215114000723_sec4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings indicated cellular structural damage in the cochlea caused by radiofrequency radiation exposure during cochlear development in the rat model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215114000723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T12:32:43Z","timestamp":1398947563000},"page":"400-405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The effect of radiofrequency radiation generated by a Global System for Mobile Communications source on cochlear development in a rat model"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"128","author":[{"given":"E","family":"Seckin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Suren Basar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Atmaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F F","family":"Kaymaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Suzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Akar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Sunan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Koyuncu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000164802753648178"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-5-39"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.2004.00877.x"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref5","first-page":"494","article-title":"Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300\u00a0GHz)","volume":"74","year":"1998","journal-title":"Health Phys"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref6","volume-title":"Exposure to High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, Biological Effects and Health Consequences (100\u00a0kHz-300\u00a0GHz)","author":"Vecchia","year":"2009"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref4","first-page":"187","article-title":"Electromagnetic fields (EMF): do they play a role in children's environmental health (CEH)?","volume":"6","author":"Otto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2005.04.013"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215110002239"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1108\/09566160010372761","article-title":"Cellular phone systems and human health \u2013 problems with risk perception and communication","volume":"11","author":"Stanislaw","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Manage Health"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00185616"},{"key":"S0022215114000723_ref2","unstructured":"Electromagnetic fields and public health: mobile phones. 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