{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T13:47:08Z","timestamp":1756993628045},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"S3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,30]],"date-time":"2015-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427673600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215115000766_sec1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To establish whether nasal bony landmarks on computed tomography could be utilised reliably in endoscopic approaches to the sphenopalatine foramen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215115000766_sec2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective analysis of 102 consecutive helical computed tomography scans of the paranasal sinuses was carried out by 2 senior ENT surgeons. Distances from the sphenopalatine foramen to endoscopically palpable bony landmarks were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215115000766_sec3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were a total of 102 patients (45 females and 57 males), with a mean age of 62 years. The mean distance from the posterior fontanelle to the sphenopalatine foramen was 14.1 mm (standard deviation = 2.13). The average vertical distance of the sphenopalatine foramen opening from the bony attachment of the inferior turbinate was 14.13 mm. There were no statistically significant differences between any of these measurements (foramen width<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.714, distance from fontanelle<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.43 and distance from inferior turbinate<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.48).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215115000766_sec4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Determination of reliable bony landmarks is clinically useful in endoscopic surgery and can aid identification of the sphenopalatine foramen. The inferior turbinate concha and posterior fontanelle may be used as reliable computed tomography landmarks for endoscopic approaches to the sphenopalatine foramen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215115000766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,30]],"date-time":"2015-03-30T07:19:20Z","timestamp":1427699960000},"page":"S47-S52","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sphenopalatine foramen: endoscopic approach with bony landmarks"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"129","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Nalavenkata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Meller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Novakovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Forer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N P","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin08.153","article-title":"A study of the maxillary and sphenopalatine arteries in the pterygopalatine fossa and at the sphenopalatine foramen","volume":"47","author":"Chiu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1808-86942012000400009"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref6","first-page":"37","article-title":"Extended endoscopic endonasal approach to the pterygopalatine fossa: anatomic study","volume":"53","author":"Abuzayed","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)30829-6"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002221505774481354"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-003-0618-7"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1177\/194589240301700111","article-title":"Endoscopic anatomy of the sphenopalatine and posterior nasal arteries: implications for the endoscopic management of epistaxis","volume":"17","author":"Schwartzbauer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215109004344"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949810701207"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200210000-00020"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref7","first-page":"E5","article-title":"Extended endoscopic endonasal approach to the pterygopalatine fossa: anatomical study and clinical considerations","volume":"19","author":"Cavallo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2009.23.3403"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31815708d0"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2006.20.2928"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107689108401212"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2007.106.1.157"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199801000-00024"},{"key":"S0022215115000766_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-008-0390-x"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215115000766","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,22]],"date-time":"2019-08-22T16:26:23Z","timestamp":1566491183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215115000766\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,30]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215115000766"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215115000766","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,30]]}}}