{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T06:03:42Z","timestamp":1794204222579,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]],"date-time":"2016-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467676800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215116008458_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea is a rare entity. Only a few cases of spontaneous bilateral cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea have been reported. In all cases, there was a definite time interval between the two (left and right) presentations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215116008458_sec_a2\"><jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To raise awareness and report on the very rare entity of bilateral spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215116008458_sec_a3\"><jats:title>Case report:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper reports the case of a bilateral, synchronous, spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea in a 44-year-old female. The patient had grommets surgically inserted on two separate occasions for treatment of otitis media with effusion, and received several courses of oral and topical antibiotics. Five years following the patient's initial presentation, a suspicion of concurrent bilateral cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea was raised. The otorrhoea sample collected proved to be cerebrospinal fluid. Cross-sectional imaging revealed bilateral defects in the tegmen tympani of the skull base. She underwent staged middle fossa craniotomies to repair the defects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215116008458_sec_a4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Careful observation of the middle-ear fluid characteristics following myringotomy can allow for prompt diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215116008458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]],"date-time":"2016-07-05T06:03:49Z","timestamp":1467698629000},"page":"781-786","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Spontaneous bilateral and concurrent cerebrospinal fluid otorrhoea: case presentation and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Tikka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Opeodu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Irving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(03)00093-0"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215042244804"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref1","volume-title":"Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice","author":"Standring","year":"2008"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200301000-00010"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref4","first-page":"92","article-title":"Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak and management of intracranial pressure","volume":"74","author":"Soler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3342\/ceo.2009.2.2.97"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25461"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318268d350"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref28","first-page":"461","article-title":"Temporal bone encephalocele and cerebrospinal fluid leaks","volume":"17","author":"Lundy","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0235-3"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130808700207","article-title":"Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leak presenting as unilateral (left-sided) middle ear effusion","volume":"87","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2013.11.002"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1979.00790200058012"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215112002526"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24484"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812457545"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318271c312"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198606000-00009"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3182a473cf"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15274\/NRJ-2014-10006"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1249249"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000084306"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref21","first-page":"765","article-title":"Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea from defects of the temporal bone: a rare entity?","volume":"16","author":"May","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e318182f833"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.1982.92.6.609"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2003.07.001"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948509400120"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref19","first-page":"770","article-title":"Adult spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea: diagnosis and management","volume":"20","author":"Gacek","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2483070362"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1325636"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref41","first-page":"633","article-title":"Evaluation of high-resolution CT and MR cisternography in the diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid fistula","volume":"19","author":"Shetty","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2012.727468"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31815937a6"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-0709(00)80015-0"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0b013e18274b870"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2014.02.013"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref22","first-page":"96","article-title":"Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea","volume":"8","author":"Wetmore","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000179526.17285.cc"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e117","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1549220","article-title":"Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea from a persistent tympanomeningeal fissure presenting as recurrent serous otitis media","volume":"76","author":"Zakaryan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg Rep"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.04.007"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949910800706"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000115458"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12283"},{"key":"S0022215116008458_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200405000-00002"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215116008458","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,10]],"date-time":"2019-09-10T18:00:33Z","timestamp":1568138433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215116008458\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215116008458"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215116008458","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]]}}}