{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:40:27Z","timestamp":1760985627168},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]],"date-time":"2017-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509321600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S002221511700216X_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The provision of healthcare education in developing countries is a complex problem that simulation has the potential to help. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost ear surgery simulator, the Ear Trainer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S002221511700216X_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Ear Trainer was assessed in two low-resource environments in Cambodia and Uganda. Participants were video-recorded performing four specific middle-ear procedures, and blindly scored using a validated measurement tool. Face validity, construct validity and objective learning were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S002221511700216X_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Ear Trainer provides a realistic representation of the ear. Construct validity assessment confirmed that experts performed better than novices. Participants displayed improvement in all tasks except foreign body removal, likely because of a ceiling effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S002221511700216X_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study validates the Ear Trainer as a useful training tool for otological microsurgical skills in developing world settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s002221511700216x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]],"date-time":"2017-10-30T03:01:14Z","timestamp":1509332474000},"page":"1010-1016","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evaluation of a low-fidelity ear surgery simulator in a low-resource setting"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"K","family":"Luu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Straatman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Nakku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Westerberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sle.0000160289.01159.0e"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e318217e119"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0306312706072179"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Medical simulation a tool yet untapped in most developing nations in Africa","volume":"97","author":"Abass","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Comput Appl"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10929080801957712"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/JMBR.36.2.212-224"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2007.11.003"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-011-1554-6"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.07.015"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215116005211"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(97)89597-9"},{"key":"S002221511700216X_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812462007"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S002221511700216X","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,16]],"date-time":"2019-04-16T20:26:47Z","timestamp":1555446407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S002221511700216X\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S002221511700216X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s002221511700216x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]]}}}