{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:00:45Z","timestamp":1792663245789,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215118000464_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>An anatomical study was performed to describe the endoscopic anatomy and variations of the protympanum, including classification of the protiniculum and subtensor recess.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215118000464_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective review was conducted of video recordings of cadaveric dissections and surgical procedures, which included visualisation of the protympanum, across 4 tertiary university referral centres over a 16-month period. A total of 97 ears were used in the analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215118000464_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A quadrangular conformation of the protympanum was seen in 60 per cent of ears and a triangular conformation in 40 per cent. The protiniculum was type A (ridge) in 58 per cent, type B (bridge) in 23 per cent and type C (absent) in 19 per cent. The subtensor recess was type A (absent) in 30 per cent, type B (shallow) in 48 per cent and type C (deep) in 22 per cent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215118000464_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The protympanum is an area that has been ignored for many years because of difficulties in visualising it with an operating microscope. However, modern endoscopic equipment has changed this, providing detailed anatomical knowledge fundamental to ensuring the safety of endoscopic surgical procedures in the region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215118000464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]],"date-time":"2018-06-11T11:07:12Z","timestamp":1528715232000},"page":"489-492","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The protympanum, protiniculum and subtensor recess: an endoscopic morphological anatomy study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"N","family":"Jufas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Rubini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Soloperto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Alnoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Tarabichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Marchioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-016-1662-5"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488509182260"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref7","volume":"141","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181b0503e"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2005.10.006"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20995"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488509182259"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2015.07.003"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000988","volume":"37","year":"2016","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2015.1009640"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2016.05.009"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000975","volume":"37","year":"2016","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001282"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.5541040515"},{"key":"S0022215118000464_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000194887.59270.7d"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215118000464","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T09:13:53Z","timestamp":1604394833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215118000464\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"06","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215118000464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215118000464","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}}}