{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:29:15Z","timestamp":1790116155269,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,8]],"date-time":"2019-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562544000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215119001415_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several studies have reported that the audiovestibular system is affected in patients with chronic kidney disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215119001415_sec_a2\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate how the audiovestibular system is affected in patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215119001415_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty participants were divided into three groups: group 1 \u2013 controls; group 2 \u2013 chronic kidney disease patients receiving conservative treatment; and group 3 \u2013 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing regular haemodialysis. Assessments included: standard and high-frequency audiometry and otoacoustic emissions testing, oculomotor tests, and combined vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215119001415_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty per cent of group 2 and 60 per cent of group 3 had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. High-frequency pure tone audiometry showed reduced detectability and higher thresholds at 12 kHz and 16 kHz in patients than in controls. Otoacoustic emissions, tracking, optokinetic and combined vestibular-evoked myogenic potential tests showed abnormal results in chronic kidney disease cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215119001415_sec_a5\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both the auditory and vestibular pathways are affected in different stages of chronic kidney disease. High-frequency pure tone audiometry, otoacoustic emissions and combined vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials could be performed routinely in patients with chronic kidney disease, regardless of the disease stage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215119001415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,8]],"date-time":"2019-07-08T07:56:10Z","timestamp":1562572570000},"page":"592-599","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Audiovestibular functions in chronic kidney disease in relation to haemodialysis"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"T A","family":"Gabr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M A","family":"Kotait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H I","family":"Okda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215119001415_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-006-0103-4"},{"key":"S0022215119001415_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.9.1069"},{"key":"S0022215119001415_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.08271109"},{"key":"S0022215119001415_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000027615"},{"key":"S0022215119001415_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2273.1998.00117.x"},{"key":"S0022215119001415_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/1808-8694.20140012"},{"key":"S0022215119001415_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00206097709080024"},{"key":"S0022215119001415_ref13","first-page":"27","article-title":"Definition, classification of stages, and prevalence of chronic kidney disease. 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