{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T21:27:08Z","timestamp":1749504428735},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598227200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215120001681_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate petrous apex pneumatisation in children, as an understanding of petrous apex pneumatisation is useful in the diagnosis and surgical management of middle-ear disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215120001681_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Computed tomography head scans from 1700 patients aged 0\u201316 years were assessed. Petrous apex bone and air cell volumes were calculated to determine the degree of petrous apex pneumatisation. Scans were analysed for communicating tracts between the middle ear and petrous apex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215120001681_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Petrous apex pneumatisation was found in 21.0 per cent of patients. Positive relationships were found between age and petrous apex pneumatisation prevalence (r<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub> = <jats:sans-serif>0<\/jats:sans-serif>.990, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; <jats:sans-serif>0<\/jats:sans-serif>.001), and between age and degree of petrous apex pneumatisation (r<jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub> = <jats:sans-serif>0<\/jats:sans-serif>.319, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; <jats:sans-serif>0<\/jats:sans-serif>.001). Petrous apex pneumatisation prevalence did not significantly differ by sex or ethnicity. Communicating tracts were identified in 84.3 per cent of patients with petrous apex pneumatisation, most commonly anterior to the otic capsule.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215120001681_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In children, the prevalence and degree of petrous apex pneumatisation increases with age, but prevalence is not affected by sex or ethnicity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215120001681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T10:39:41Z","timestamp":1598265581000},"page":"798-803","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Petrous apex pneumatisation in children: a radiological study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Hardcastle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I","family":"McKay-Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Neeff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818778268","article-title":"Classification of temporal bone pneumatization on high-resolution computed tomography: prevalence patterns and implications","volume":"159","author":"Tan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-014-0745-z"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(98)70100-7"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref31","first-page":"10","article-title":"Ethnic differences in acute hospitalisations for otitis media and elective hospitalisations for ventilation tubes in New Zealand children aged 0\u201314 years","volume":"128","author":"McCallum","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhevol.2008.03.010"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348946907800105"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-009-0941-8"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(20)30515-6"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3181c2a0a8"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000231301.79895.05"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486509126983"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318254fb85"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-013-2836-5"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1970.04310060089016"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100054049"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3342\/ceo.2015.8.4.339"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.03.2011.3978"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989010300112"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215001904969"},{"key":"S0022215120001681_ref23","unstructured":"23 Starship. 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