{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T12:55:14Z","timestamp":1780491314540,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612396800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215121000232_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper describes the construction of portals for electrode placement during cochlear implantation and emphasises the utility of pre-operative temporal bone three-dimensional computed tomography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215121000232_sec_a2a\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Temporal bone three-dimensional computed tomography was used to plan portal creation for electrode insertion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215121000232_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pre-operative temporal bone three-dimensional computed tomography can be used to determine the orientation of temporal bone structures, which is important for mastoidectomy, posterior tympanotomy and cochleostomy, and when using the round window approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215121000232_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is essential to create appropriate portals (from the mastoid cortex to the cochlea) in a step-by-step manner, to ensure the safe insertion of electrodes into the scala tympani. 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