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Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215121004114_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to identify any relationship between hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215121004114_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials conducted using Medline and the Cochrane Library up to 24 June 2020. Prospective, cohort and cross-sectional, and observational studies that reported on the relationship between mild cognitive impairment and hearing loss were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215121004114_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 34 studies reporting data on 48 017 participants were included. Twenty-three studies observed a significant association between hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment. The pooled risk ratio across all studies of prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in people with hearing loss was 1.44 (random-effects; 95 per cent CI = 1.27\u20131.64;\n                      <jats:italic>p &lt;<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.00001; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0 per cent). Significantly more people with mild cognitive impairment had peripheral hearing loss compared with those without (risk ratio, 1.40 random-effects; 95 per cent CI = 1.10\u20131.77;\n                      <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.005; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0 per cent). When the incidence was studied, significantly more people with peripheral hearing loss had mild cognitive impairment compared with those without (risk ratio = 2.06 random-effects; 95 per cent CI = 1.35\u20133.15;\n                      <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.0008; I\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 97 per cent); however; a high level of statistical heterogeneity was evident.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215121004114_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most of the studies included in this systematic review observed a significant association between hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  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