{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T14:33:34Z","timestamp":1772634814250,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641772800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215122000093_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cleft palates are one of the most common congenital malformations. Because of the loss of Eustachian tube function, middle-ear ventilation is reduced. The aim of this study was to determine if middle-ear effusions were present at birth or at the three-month audiological evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215122000093_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 53 children with a cleft palate were included. Data review included the results of newborn hearing screening, microscopic findings, a tympanometry, a free field audiometry and intra-operative findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215122000093_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 58.4 per cent of patients had a median, 26.4 per cent had a bilateral, 11.3 per cent had a unilateral and 3.8 per cent had a limited soft palate cleft. Newborn hearing screening showed a pass in 83.1 per cent of newborns bilaterally. The first ear microscopy showed a bilateral middle-ear effusion in 90.6 per cent of cases. During cleft surgery, bilateral paracentesis was performed in all cases, and in 90.6 per cent middle-ear effusion was sucked out.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215122000093_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The majority of children with a cleft palate do not present with middle-ear effusion at birth. It develops within several days or weeks of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215122000093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]],"date-time":"2022-01-10T06:54:50Z","timestamp":1641797690000},"page":"137-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Middle-ear effusion in children with cleft palate: congenital or acquired?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"F","family":"Kraus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Shehata-Dieler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of 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