{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T08:04:26Z","timestamp":1784621066926,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646179200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215122000561_sec_a1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cell-mediated immunity plays an important role in host defence against fungal pathogens, regulated by differentiation of lymphocytes towards T-helper 1 or 2 cells. This study reports intracellular cytokine variation in terms of invasive fungal sinusitis type and outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215122000561_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mononuclear leukocytes of 15 patients with invasive fungal sinusitis (mucormycosis in 8, aspergillus in 7) were stained with antibodies against intracellular cytokines, after fungal antigen stimulation and culture, and immunophenotyped. Patients were followed up for six months, with clinical course categorised as improvement, worsening or death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215122000561_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean percentages of mononuclear cells producing interleukins 4, 5, 10 and 12, and interferon-\u03b3, in the mucormycosis group were 0.575, 0.284, 8.661, 4.460 and 1.134, respectively, while percentages in the aspergillosis group were 0.233, 0.492, 4.196, 4.466 and 1.533. Cells producing interleukin 4 and 10 were higher in the mucormycosis group, while those producing interleukin-12 and interferon-\u03b3 were lower. Cells producing interleukins 4 and 12 were higher in patients with a poor outcome (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      -values of 0.0662 and 0.0373, respectively), while those producing interferon-\u03b3 were lower (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0864).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215122000561_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adaptive cell-mediated immunity is expressed differently in two categories of invasive fungal sinusitis, and the cytokine expression pattern is related to prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215122000561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T00:46:35Z","timestamp":1646181995000},"page":"861-865","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intracellular cytokine expression in invasive fungal sinusitis and its impact on patient outcome"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6966-4572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Sikka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7905-3073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Thakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D K","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Saurabh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.55.12.2951-2955.1987"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2012.11.014"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1012512"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08820139.2011.595472"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3314\/jjmm.49.165"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-07-366526"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019273"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03289.x"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.9.5544-5550.2005"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000134314.65398.bf"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30541-2"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00264-13"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1995.tb06637.x"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3030048"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2004.11.008"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref11","first-page":"395","article-title":"Immunological induction of T lymphocytes: role of antigen and the lymphocyte costimulator","volume":"4","author":"Lafferty","year":"1978","journal-title":"Blood Cells"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002808"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000403"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-018-01182-w"},{"key":"S0022215122000561_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.FUNK-0050-2016"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215122000561","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T07:42:46Z","timestamp":1784619766000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215122000561\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215122000561"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215122000561","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]]}}}