{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T12:10:59Z","timestamp":1785240659060,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215122001050_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hearing loss is the third leading cause globally for \u2018years lived with disability\u2019. The majority of those affected live in low and middle-income countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215122001050_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study used qualitative research methods to explore the impact of chronic ear disease on quality of life in Nepal. Twenty face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted during a visiting ear camp at the Britain Nepal Otology Service Ear Care Centre in Nepal. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and translated with thematic content analysis performed manually by two researchers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215122001050_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic ear disease has a significant impact on social interactions, emotional well-being and functionality. Barriers to surgery are cost, accessibility, reputation, gender and fear of complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215122001050_sec_a4\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provided valuable new insight into patient perspectives on living with chronic ear disease in Nepal. Patients with chronic ear disease experience discrimination and stigmatisation across all levels of personal, family and social life, with their function across all domains being directly limited by symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215122001050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T12:21:40Z","timestamp":1651234900000},"page":"390-397","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["How chronic ear disease affects quality of life: a qualitative research study in Nepal"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"137","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9182-3664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C","family":"de Cates","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Jashek-Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RB","family":"Bohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Salter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0202-540X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R","family":"Youngs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihv052","article-title":"The impact of ear disease and hearing impairment on the lives of Nepali patients in Pokhara: a qualitative study","volume":"8","author":"Skilton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Health"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref16","unstructured":"16 Health System in Nepal: challenges and strategic options. World Health Organization 2007 In: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/205257 [20 May 2021]"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref15","unstructured":"15 Human Development Reports. United Nations Development Programme 2020. In: http:\/\/www.hdr.undp.org\/en\/2020-report [20 May 2021]"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.77.3.474","article-title":"Covering up what can't be seen: concealable stigma and mental control","volume":"77","author":"Smart","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12516","article-title":"Quality of life of Nepali patients with ear disease before and after corrective surgery","volume":"20","author":"Maile","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref3","unstructured":"3 Otitis media - chronic suppurative. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. In: https:\/\/cks.nice.org.uk\/topics\/otitis-media-chronic-suppurative\/ [20 May 2021]"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref8","unstructured":"8 WHOQOL Measuring Quality of Life . World Health Organization 1997. In: https:\/\/www.who.int\/tools\/whoqol [20 May 2021]"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302475"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-019-00656-3","article-title":"Rural adult perspectives on impact of hearing loss and barriers to care","volume":"44","author":"Powell","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref2","unstructured":"2 Deafness and Hearing Loss Factsheets. World Health Organization. In: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/deafness-and-hearing-loss 2021 [20 May 2021]"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref10","first-page":"11","article-title":"Qualitative research and its uses in health care","volume":"8","author":"Al-Busaidi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00516-X","article-title":"Hearing loss prevalence and years lived with disability, 1990\u20132019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"397","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref7","volume-title":"The Quality of Life: The Missing Measurement in Health Care","author":"Fallowfield","year":"1990"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2171-4"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215120001012","article-title":"Hearing loss and employment: a systematic review of the association between hearing loss and employment among adults","volume":"134","author":"Shan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26490"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215011909314","article-title":"Community ear care delivery by community ear assistants and volunteers: a pilot programme","volume":"115","author":"Shrestha","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"S0022215122001050_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215110001891","article-title":"Diagnostic otoscopy skills of community ear assistants in Western Nepal","volume":"125","author":"Youngs","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215122001050","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T11:01:41Z","timestamp":1679655701000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215122001050\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215122001050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215122001050","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]}}}