{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T13:28:09Z","timestamp":1771075689297,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S0022215124001804_sec1a\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mastoiditis commonly presents to ENT services. Following the UK introduction of the 13-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in 2010, changes in the organisms of these infections were hypothesised. We aim to assess the microbiological profile of patients with acute mastoiditis in our centre.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215124001804_sec2b\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective review of patients admitted to Alder Hey Children\u2019s Hospital for mastoiditis between January 2017\u2013September 2022. Data was collected from electronic patient records, microbiology and biochemistry reports.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215124001804_sec3c\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 108 patients were admitted: 61 males and 47 females with a median age of 2 years (with a range of 4 months\u201314 years). A total of 82 organisms were isolated from 50 (46 per cent) children. <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> spp. (22 specimens; 27 per cent) and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> spp. (13 specimens; 16 per cent) were most common. Other organisms included <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> (6; 7 per cent), anaerobes (4; 5 per cent), <jats:italic>Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:italic> (4; 5 per cent), and <jats:italic>Fusobacterium<\/jats:italic> (4; 6 per cent).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S0022215124001804_sec4d\"><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mastoiditis predominantly involves gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria. Empirical cefotaxime and metronidazole provide adequate coverage. Culture and sensitivity testing is essential for antibiotic stewardship.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215124001804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T02:26:47Z","timestamp":1729823207000},"page":"838-843","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The microbiology of acute mastoiditis infections presenting to a large UK tertiary paediatric ENT centre in a post-pneumococcal conjugate vaccination era"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"139","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3865-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan Richard","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alder Hey Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Mortaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alder Hey Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aikaterini","family":"Eleftheriadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alder Hey Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alder Hey Children\u2019s Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.04.032"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-024-08704-y"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3939(11)70577-7"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.09.112"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2016.02.010"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00289-14"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e31815a0001"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e318280ab45"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-007-0549-1"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2014.09.007"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Acute mastoiditis in children","volume":"91","author":"Cassano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000995"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3182a6adb7"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00289-14"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20259"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2018.06.001"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2009.05.019"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)70044-7"},{"key":"S0022215124001804_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215115002078"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215124001804","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T02:11:35Z","timestamp":1760926295000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215124001804\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215124001804"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215124001804","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]}}}