{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:24:11Z","timestamp":1785435851398,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215126104794_sec1a\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the risk of laryngopharyngeal reflux in Hubble Bubble smokers in comparison to non-smokers<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215126104794_sec2b\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The medical records of patients who presented with hoarseness were reviewed. Patients with a history of Hubble Bubble smoking and a control group of non-smokers were included in the study. The risk of laryngopharyngeal reflux was assessed using the Reflux Symptom Index and the Reflux Finding Score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215126104794_sec3c\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eighty-six Hubble Bubble smokers and 86 controls were included in the study. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean RSI between the two subgroups (10.05 \u00b1 8.27 vs. 5.05 \u00b1 6.58;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Hubble Bubble smokers were 4.24 times more likely to have a Reflux Symptom Index score greater than 13 in comparison to non-smokers (odds ratio = 4.24; 95 per cent confidence interval: 1.97\u20139.14).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215126104794_sec4d\" sec-type=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hubble Bubble smoking increases the risk of laryngopharyngeal reflux by two-fold. A larger prospective study is needed to substantiate the association between Hubble Bubble smoking and laryngopharyngeal reflux.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215126104794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T04:45:06Z","timestamp":1777005906000},"page":"649-652","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk of laryngopharyngeal reflux in Hubble Bubble smokers presenting with hoarseness"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"140","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1493-3568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdul Latif","family":"Hamdan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wmm6v75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"American University of Beirut Medical 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