{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:08:56Z","timestamp":1790287736206,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Laryngol. Otol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215126105179_sec1a\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgical site infection is a major cause of morbidity. Standard pre-operative nasal decolonisation depends on patient-led, multiday topical antibiotics, which suffer from poor adherence and contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Clinician-delivered nasal photodisinfection offers an immediate, non-antibiotic alternative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215126105179_sec2b\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single-centre before-and-after service evaluation compared surgical site infection outcomes before and after implementation of a pre-operative nasal photodisinfection protocol in adults undergoing endoscopic anterior skull base surgery. The primary outcome was 30-day surgical site infection; secondary outcomes were post-operative meningitis and excess bed-stay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215126105179_sec3c\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred patients were included (105 standard; 95 photodisinfection). Surgical site infection occurred in 15 patients (14.6 per cent) with standard care versus 3 (3.2 per cent) after photodisinfection, an absolute risk reduction of 11.4 per cent (95 per cent CI 3.7\u201319.1;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0059). Meningitis occurred in five standard-care patients and none after photodisinfection. Compliance was 100 per cent, with no adverse events.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S0022215126105179_sec4d\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Photodisinfection was associated with substantially reduced surgical site infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0022215126105179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T06:50:18Z","timestamp":1782197418000},"page":"907-911","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Steriwave\u00ae a non-antibiotic nasal photodisinfection strategy reduces infection burden in endoscopic skull base surgery"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"140","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7284-710X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Nix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00v4dac24","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asim","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref20","first-page":"e72380","article-title":"Absence of bacterial resistance following repeat exposure to photodynamic therapy","volume":"7380","author":"Pedigo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Photodynamic Therapy: Back to the Future"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2014.022"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.07.032"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43630-021-00102-1"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2009.03.021"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.5387"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12514"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref4","first-page":"e25460","article-title":"Incidence trends and epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: a systematic review of population-based studies","volume":"14","author":"Hindy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13526"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.10.009"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-42974-0.00050-1"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ash.2023.197"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00049-15"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref11","first-page":"425","article-title":"Is a single-dose, single-agent perioperative antibiotic protocol adequate for endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery? A 10-year review of 422 cases","volume":"82","author":"Hughes","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofv035"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2014.07.014"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref9","first-page":"18","article-title":"The risk of meningitis following expanded endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: a systematic review","volume":"75","author":"Lai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2014.06.017"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref7","unstructured":"7 NICE. Surgical site infections: prevention and treatment. 2020. In: https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng125 [30 June 2026]"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.10.131"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.1429"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-66564-4"},{"key":"S0022215126105179_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70295-4"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Laryngology &amp; Otology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0022215126105179","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:07:19Z","timestamp":1790244439000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0022215126105179\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022215126105179"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0022215126105179","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-2151","1748-5460"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-2151","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-5460","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}}}